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Introductory Unit 2

QuestionAnswer
How are facial composites used? Investigators work with sketch artists and eyewitnesses to create facial composites, or sketches of a person's face.
In what ways can facial composites be used? Internally, to assist officers in identifying the suspect. Externally, through local media (radio, TV, and newspaper) to solicit leads from citizens.
FACES A software program that offers many options to help you recreate a person's facial features.
What are the crime scene and suspect factors? Face chacteristics, time of day, trauma, and time given to focus on a perpetrator's face.
Witness factors: drugs Drugs can alter a person's ability to recall the events of a crime.
Witness factors: other people Other witnesses, investigators, and/or media can influence a person's memory.
Witness factors: age Age can play a role in the accuracy of eyewitness' statement.
Witness factors: race The Cross Race Effect (CRE) is a phenomenon in which people are better at recognizing faces of their own race rather than those of other races.
What percent of convictions are overturned on DNA edidence when eyewitness misidentification played a major role? Eyewitness misdientification played a role in wrongful convictions in more than 75% of convictions overturned through DNA testing.
What is the first step to handling a crime scene? Interview- interview the first officer at the scene or the victim to determine what allegedly happened, what crime, and how it was committed.
What is the second step to handling a crime scene? Examine- helps identify possible evidence, identify the point of entry and point of exit, and outline the general layout of the crime scene.
What is the third step to handling a crime scene? Document- involves creating a pictorial record of the scene as well as a rough sketch to demonstrate the layout of the crime scene.
What is the final step to handling a crime scene? Process- the crime scene technician will process the crime scene for evidence, both physical and testimonial evidence.
What is studied in the physical science unit? Chemistry, physics, and geology. (ex: drugs, glass, paint, explosives, and soil)
What is studied in the biology unit? DNA/dried blood, other body fluids (semen, stomach acids), hair, fibers, plants/wood
Pathologist Studies cellular changes/various aspects of disease.
Serologist Studies blood groups and other bodily fluids
Entomologist Studies insects and decomposition
Anthropologist Studies bones to determine a person's identity
Odontologist Examines the patterns of bite marks and makes the casts of bite marks
What is studied in the firearms unit? Firearms, discharged bullets, cartride cases, shotgun shells, ammunition, gun shot residues, and distances to target.
Ballistics expert Studies everything to do with firearms.
Document examination Studies handwriting validity, typing validity, analysis of paper/ink, and indented writing.
What is involved in the photography unit? Photographs of evidence/scenes, digital imagery, infrared (heat), ultraviolet, x-rays, and prepares photograph exhibits for court.
What is the study of toxicology? Detection of poisons or drugs.
Latent fingerprint Latent- invisible to the naked eye. Collecting, processing, and examining fingerprints.
Dactyloscopy The study of fingerprints.
Polygraph Lie detector examination and interpretation.
What is studied in a voiceprint analysis? Records and interprets sound which is transformed from speech to visual displays.
Linguists Studies written and oral communication to identify the speaker.
Evidence collection Collects and preserves physical evidence to be processed.
Crime scene photographer AKA identification officer or ID technician.
Forensic psychologist Develops psychological profile of the criminal
Forensic artist Draws the likeness of the person based solely on an eyewitness description or aging photograph.
Forensic sculptor Reconstructs with modeling clay the appearance of the face based from the structure of the skull.
Forensic engineer Concerned with failure analysis, accident reconstruction and causes and origins of fires or explosives.
Created by: TBrylewski
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