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Science Final
Ch. 6,7,10,15
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| thick-walled cells in which bacteria store gentic material | endospore |
| medicine used to treat many bacterial diseases | antibiotic |
| a way to prevent viral infections | vaccinations |
| a cell with no nucleus | prokaryote |
| a cycle in which a virus's genes live in a host but are inactive | lysogenic cycle |
| an organism that ivades a cell and uses it to create more organisms | virus |
| something that viruses can't use | oxygen |
| a cell with a nucleus | eukaryote |
| a living thing that a virus or parasite lives on or in | host |
| the substance that protects a virus's genetic material and helps it get inside a cell | protein coat |
| a type of medicine that keeps viruses from reproducing | antiviral |
| organsims that can live in areas where nothing else lives | archaebacteria |
| hair-like part that helps bacteria move | flagella |
| this bacteria contains the green pigment chlorophyll | cyanobacteria |
| reproduction in which one single-celled organism splits into two single-celled organism | binary fission |
| live in oceans and hot springs | heat lovers |
| give off methane gas and live in swamps and animal intestines | methane makers |
| have cell walls and are producers or comsumers | eubacteria |
| viruses attack living cells and turn them into virus factories | lytic cycle |
| four bases of DNA | adenine, thymine, quanine, cytosene |
| codon code for | amino acid |
| What is a subunit of DNA called? | nucleotide |
| three parts of a nucleotide | base, sugar, phosphate |
| three types of mutations | substitution, deletion, insertion |
| What type of sickle cell is a mutation? | substitution |
| discovered that the amount of thymine is equal to the amount of adenine | Chargraff |
| built a DNA model that is in a museum | Watson and Crick |
| used x-ray defraction to discover the shape of DNA | Franklin |
| three shapes of bacteria | cocci, spirilla, bacilli |
| when an organism's offspring are not identical | inherited variation |
| process where a new species is formed | speciation |
| How many cells do bacteria have? | one |
| Which animals use a radula? | snails and slugs |
| three main parts of an arthropod | head, thorax, abdomen |
| largest group of arthropods | insects |
| What kind of echinoderms have hundreds of arms? | feather and sea lily stars |
| What kind of symmetry do larva have? | bilateral |
| What kind of symmetry do adults have? | radial |
| body cavity that organisms are kept in | coelom |
| an example of harmful bacteria | odd-colored spots on plants |
| when bacteria reproduce by binary fission | one cell produces two cells |
| one function that viruses share with living things | they reproduce |
| viruses reproduce by | the lysogenic cycle and lytic cycle |
| What is not a common shape of viruses? | cocci |
| How do bacteria help the environment? | bacteria recycle dead animals and plants |
| disease causing bacteria are called | pathogenic bacteria |
| chemicals that have leached into the soil can be made harmless by | bioremediation |
| the process in which bacteria play a crucial role in the lives of plants | nitrogen fixation |
| What do sponges use to get food? | pores and collar cells |
| Which body plan does a flatworm have? | bilateral symmetry |
| What do cnidarians have? | stinging cells |
| What kind of circulatory system do most mollusks have? | open |
| What kind of circulatory system do squids have? | closed |
| Which animals have mandibles? | spiders |
| What makeds sea cucumbers unique from other echinoderms? | their wormlike shape |
| spiny part of an echinoderm | skeleton |
| function of neurons | carrying messages, helping animals sense their environment, helping animals move |
| all arthropods have specialized parts, jointed limbs, an exoskeleton, and | well-developed nervous system |
| arthropod means | jointed foot |
| Why are marine worms called polychaetes? | they have many bristles |
| What do parasites feed on? | living animals |
| bundle of nerve cells | ganglion |
| What is a mandible? | mouthpart |
| What did Darwin not understand about the process of evolution? | the role of genetics |
| many insects can adapt very quickly to insecticides because | the insects' generation time is short |
| a specific characteristic that can be passed from parent to offspring is called a | trait |
| populations are limited by | starvation, disease, competition, and predation |
| a characteristic that improves an organism's ability to survive is | adaptation |
| What can two different species have in common? | ancestors |
| What did Charles Darwin help to explain? | how species change over time |
| What do scientists think was an ancestor of whales? | an ancient land mammal |
| the sides of the DNA ladder are made of | sugar and phosphate |
| the rungs of the DNA ladder are | a pair of bases |
| to be a copied a DNA molecule splits | down the middle |
| a string of nucleotides that has instructions for a certain trait is a | gene |
| In what type of mutation is one base left out? | deletion |
| a tobacco plant with firefly gene that makes it glow is an example of | genetic engineering |
| the first step in making a protein is | RNA copying DNA |
| What is the type of mutation where a base is added to the gene? | insertion |
| using DNA to identify who committed a crime is | DNA fingerprinting |
| determines how tall you grow and whether your hair is curly or straight | proteins |
| genetic engineering is not currently used for | creating natural gas |
| What does DNA look like? | a twisted ladder |
| Where does messenger RNA go? | to a ribosome |
| What is the first step of DNA replication? | a strand of DNA splits down the middle |
Created by:
cmcfadden
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