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Biology Chapter 2
Chemistry of Life
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| solution | a homogeneous mixture in which one or more substances are evenly distributed in another substance |
| proton | + particle in nucleus |
| protein | made of amino acids bonded by peptide bonds |
| polarity | molecules with +/- charged ends |
| nucleotide | on emolecule formed from sugar, N base, P group |
| nucleic acid | macromolecule from chain of sugar, N base, P group |
| neutron | no charge in nucleus |
| monosaccharide | carb building block, simple sugar |
| molecule | group of atoms covalent bonds |
| lipid | non polar, made of C H O, cell membranes, steroids, waxes, fats |
| ionic bond | attraction between oppositely charged ions |
| ion | atom with +/- charge |
| H bond | weak chemical attraction between polar molecules |
| fat | lipid that stores energy |
| element | substance with 1 type atom |
| electon | - particle surrounds nucleus |
| DNA, RNA, ATP | nucleic acids (3) |
| covalent bond | chemical bond where electons are shared |
| compound | joined atoms of two or more different elements |
| cohesion | attraction between same substances |
| carbohydrate | compound C H O 1:2:1 |
| base | releases hydroxide ions in solution |
| atom | smallest unit of element |
| amino acid | building block of protein |
| adhesion | attraction between different substances |
| acid | releases hydrogen ions in solution |
| inorganic compound | compound doesn't contain C |
| organic compound | contatins C, often H, most from living things |
| C can share __ electons | 4 |
| C can have these bonds | single, double, triple covalent bonds |
| forms of organic compounds | branched, butane (linear), glucose (cylic) |
| monomer | one part |
| polymer | many parts |
| isomer | same formula, different structure |
| complex carb made of | monosccharides (make) |
| fat made of | glycerol, fatty acid (make) |
| hydrogen synthesis or condensation | loses water, joins two compounds |
| hydrolysis | gains atoms (H2O), splits compound |
| polysccharides are giant ___ | polymers (are ___) |
| metabolism | total of all processes in organism |
| mixture | two+ substances |
| pH | measures concentration hydrogen ions in a solution |
| capillary action | cohesion and adhesion pull liquids up small tube |
| surface tension | cohesion holds water together, lines up molecules |
| unsaturated fatty acid | some C double bond to H |
| saturation fatty acid | all C atoms bonded to 2 H |
| peptide bonds | bonds amino acids between amino group of one an carboxyl of other |
| enzyme | increases speed of chemical reaction |
| catalyst | reduces activation energy |
| water is a _____ compound | convalent (ex of) |
| cellulose | non-disgestive carb made by plants |
| fats are made of | three fatty acids and a molecule of glycerol |
| ATP | temporarily stores energy |
| energy is stored | in chemical bonds |
| 3 carbs | poly-, mono-, di- saccharides |
| enzymes are a type of | amino acid (type of) |
Created by:
riderbreez
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