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EP Final Review 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Biomes | described by vegetation, vegetation determined by temperature and precipitation, north to south=tundra, grassland, tropical rain forest |
| Savanna | grazing animals |
| Grasslands | threatened by erosion, rich soil |
| Tropical Rain Forest | animals are specialized to avoid competition, buttresses, vines, large flat leaves in understory, eagles, bats, and snakes in emergent layer, threatened by deforestation |
| Deserts | dry side of mountain ranges |
| Tundra | permafrost, fragile |
| Taiga | coniferous forest, shape accumulates snow to insulate trees |
| Chaparral | fire is beneficial, plants resprout from small amounts of vegetation, coastal and Meditarranean |
| Temperate Deciduous Forest | squirrels, bears, deer eat nuts, berries, and leaves |
| Temperate Rain Forest | high humidity, mosses, lichens, ferns, large evergreens, moderate temps |
| Latitude | distance north or south of equator |
| Estuaries | fresh and marine water, nutrients from rivers and oceans, many pollutants |
| Coastal pollution | industrial waste and sewage |
| Swamps | flat, poorly drained land, woody shrubs and water loving trees |
| Marine | most organisms in shallow coastal waters, threats=runoff, discharge, overfishing, nets, sewage, algal blooms |
| Rivers | widen, slow, and warm as the move to flatter ground |
| Lakes | have regions with little sunlight |
| Wetlands | remove water pollutants, plentiful nutrients, perceived as disease infested, diverse, marshes, swamps |
| Ponds | organisms depend on sunlight, temperature, nutrients |
| Littoral | diverse and abundant life |
| Benthic | cool dark water |
| Nekton | swims freely |
| Benthos | attached to a surface |
| Open ocean | organisms depend on nutrients |
| Coral reefs | formed by secretion of calcium carbonate, threatened by oil spills, pesticides, sewage |
| Salt marshes/ mangrove swamps | provide habitats, found along coast, threatened by development, high salt content |
| Population Density | number of individuals per unit area |
| Parasite | roundworm, ticks, mistletoe, cause host to be more vulnerable |
| Predator=prey | lynx and hare, predator kills prey |
| Random dispersion | solitary organisms |
| Density independent deaths | storms |
| Reproductive potential | bacteria have high potential, increase potential by reproducing earlier in life |
| Ants and acacia trees | mutualism |
| Niche | organisms role in the environment |
| Carrying capacity | determined by supply of the most limited resource |
| Commensalism | symbiosis where one benefits, the other is unharmed |
| Mutualism | symbiosis where both organisms benefit |
| Parasitism | symbiosis where one organism benefits and the other is harmed |
| Population | number of individuals in an area |
| Habitat | location an organism lives |
| Competition | can occur between populations, within a population, between overlapping niches |
| Biotic potential | maximum number of offspring each individual can produce |
| Surface water | less than 1% of all of Earth’s water |
| Fresh water | most is in the north and south poles |
| Water treatment | chlorine kills bacteria |
| Water management | diverts water to where it is needed |
| Conservation | low flow showerheads, allows more freshwater to use |
| Point source | easily identified source of pollution |
| Nonpoint source | runoff |
| Groundwater | difficult to clean because it is deep, pollutants cling, recycling takes a long time |
| Ocean pollution | pollutants come from land |
| 1990 Oil pollution act | double hulled tankers |
| Watershed | largest in US is Mississippi River |
| Phosphates | begin process that kills fish |
| Water use conflicts | upstream country builds a dam |
| Dams | decreased construction because of environmental concerns, create energy, both sides of the dam change |
| Aquifers | hard to purify |
| Water pollution | effects multiply through food chain |
| Thermal pollution and eutrophication | decrease dissolved oxygen |
| Climate | long term conditions |
| Atmosphere | warm air rises and cold air sinks |
| Carbon Dioxide since 1958 | higher high amounts and higher low amounts |
| Latitude | influences climate due to how much sun hits the earth |
| Ozone layer | polar regions, seasonal, years to reverse, chlorine is released from clouds in the spring |
| CFC’s | 10 to 20 years to reach stratosphere |
| Greenhouse gases | trap heat |
| Ultra violet radiation | damage genetic material |
Created by:
evroman
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