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bio2 ch24 viruses

viruses and viral diseases, Holt Modern Biology is primary text

QuestionAnswer
Why aren't viruses considered to be alive? not made of cells, no metabolism, only carries out processes in a host cell
Viruses are studied in biology because they are active inside living cells
composed of abnormally folded protein and cause other proteins to fold abnormally prion
naked circular piece of RNA, infect only plants viroids
the protective outer coat of a virus capsid
contain DNA or RNA and in a protein or lipid-protein coat virus
how viruses are classified DNA or RNA, shape of genome, presence/absence of membrane envelope
viruses that use reverse transcriptase retroviruses
common example of retrovirus HIV
animal viruses infect only specific host cells the host cell must have specific receptors for the proteins on the virus surface
viruses linked to cancer hepatitis B, human papillomavirus, Epstein-Barr virus
process where viral genome becomes part of the host cell genome and gets copied into all descendent cells, causes disease later lysogenic
virus enters cell and immediately starts copying itself until cell ruptures lytic
virus that only infects bacteria bacteriafage
viruses that come from recently disturbed/explored regions emergent
examples of emergent viruses Nipah, Ebola, Hanta virus
early viruses originated from parts of prokaryotic cells
chicken pox and shingles are caused by Varicella zoster
why do new flu vaccines need to be made each year? flu virus mutates quickly, must protect for new/more common strains each year
infects tobacco plants tobacco mosaic virus
causes Mononucleosis Epstein-Barr virus
caused by a prion bovine spongiform encephalitis, CJD, scrapie
how are many vaccines made? why is this neccesary? look this up!
viral infection that is very rare in US, common complication was crippling polio
very common viral STI that causes lesions on genitals in one variety and cold sores in another variety herpes
viral infection that caused hard lumps on skin, caused many deaths and disfigurement smallpox
viral infection of liver, comes in forms A, B, C, D and E hepatitis
type of measles that causes miscarriages or other severe birth defects Rubella, German measles
common STI that can cause genital warts or cancer human papillomavirus
Created by: cferguson74
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