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Biology Final, 2012
Biology Final Flash Cards, EL5-2012
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Heredity | Traits that are passed down from one generation to the next. |
| Trisomy | The condition (as in Down Syndrome) of having one or a few chromosomes triploid in an otherwise diploid set. |
| Amniocentesis | The surgical insertion of a hollow needle through the abdominal wall and into the uterus to obtain amniotic fluid especially for the determination of fetal sex or chromosomal abnormality. |
| Karyotype | Image of all of the chromosomes in a cell. |
| Ecology | The study of the interactions among living things and their environment. |
| Organism | Any individual living thing. |
| Biotic Factors | Living things, such as plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria that play an particular role in the ecosystem. |
| Abiotic Factors | Nonliving things such as moisture, temperature, wind, sunlight, and soil. The balance of these factors determines which living things can survive in a particular environment. |
| Ecosystem | Collection of organisms and nonliving things, such as climate, soil, water, and rocks, in an area. |
| Niche | The ecological role of an organism in a community especially in regard to food consumption |
| Symbiosis | Ecological relationship between members of a least two different species that live in direct contact with one another. |
| Producer | Organism that obtains its energy from abiotic sources, such as sunlight or inorganic chemicals. |
| Consumer | Organism that obtains its energy and nutrients by eating other organisms. |
| Herbivore | Organism that eats only plants. |
| Omnivore | Organism that eats both plants and animals. |
| Decomposers | Detrivore (organism that eats dead organic matter) breaks down organic matter into simpler compounds, returning nutrients back into an ecosystem. |
| Food Chain | Model that links organisms by their feedng relationships. |
| Food Web | Model that shows the complex network of feeding relationships within an ecosystem. |
| Biome | Regional or global community of organisms characterized by the climate conditions and plant communities that thrive there. |
| Classification | Systematic arrangement in groups or categories according to established criteria. |
| Carolus Linnaeus | Swedish botanist who developed a classification system for all types of organisms (plants, animals, and minerals)known at the time, based upon their similarities. |
| Binomial Nomenclature | Naming system in which each species is given a two-part scientific name (genus and species) using Latin words. |
| Species | A group of organisms so similar to one another that they can reproduce and have fertile offspring. |
| Invertebrates | Animals without a backbone. |
| Vertebrates | Animals with a backbone. |
| Eukaryotes | Cells that have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. |
| Cephalization | A tendency in the evolution of organisms to concentrate the sensory and neural organs in an anterior head. |
| Germ Layers | Any of the three primary layers of cells differentiated in most embryos during and immediately following gastrulation. |