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Biology Final, 2012

Biology Final Flash Cards, EL5-2012

QuestionAnswer
Heredity Traits that are passed down from one generation to the next.
Trisomy The condition (as in Down Syndrome) of having one or a few chromosomes triploid in an otherwise diploid set.
Amniocentesis The surgical insertion of a hollow needle through the abdominal wall and into the uterus to obtain amniotic fluid especially for the determination of fetal sex or chromosomal abnormality.
Karyotype Image of all of the chromosomes in a cell.
Ecology The study of the interactions among living things and their environment.
Organism Any individual living thing.
Biotic Factors Living things, such as plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria that play an particular role in the ecosystem.
Abiotic Factors Nonliving things such as moisture, temperature, wind, sunlight, and soil. The balance of these factors determines which living things can survive in a particular environment.
Ecosystem Collection of organisms and nonliving things, such as climate, soil, water, and rocks, in an area.
Niche The ecological role of an organism in a community especially in regard to food consumption
Symbiosis Ecological relationship between members of a least two different species that live in direct contact with one another.
Producer Organism that obtains its energy from abiotic sources, such as sunlight or inorganic chemicals.
Consumer Organism that obtains its energy and nutrients by eating other organisms.
Herbivore Organism that eats only plants.
Omnivore Organism that eats both plants and animals.
Decomposers Detrivore (organism that eats dead organic matter) breaks down organic matter into simpler compounds, returning nutrients back into an ecosystem.
Food Chain Model that links organisms by their feedng relationships.
Food Web Model that shows the complex network of feeding relationships within an ecosystem.
Biome Regional or global community of organisms characterized by the climate conditions and plant communities that thrive there.
Classification Systematic arrangement in groups or categories according to established criteria.
Carolus Linnaeus Swedish botanist who developed a classification system for all types of organisms (plants, animals, and minerals)known at the time, based upon their similarities.
Binomial Nomenclature Naming system in which each species is given a two-part scientific name (genus and species) using Latin words.
Species A group of organisms so similar to one another that they can reproduce and have fertile offspring.
Invertebrates Animals without a backbone.
Vertebrates Animals with a backbone.
Eukaryotes Cells that have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.
Cephalization A tendency in the evolution of organisms to concentrate the sensory and neural organs in an anterior head.
Germ Layers Any of the three primary layers of cells differentiated in most embryos during and immediately following gastrulation.
Created by: KMcCoy
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