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CONSTRUCTION 3

Introduction to Building Construction

QuestionAnswer
Topics under Building Construction Domestic Drainage Foundations Walls Roofs Floors
Define Effluent Defined as that wich flows out
3 main Forms of Effluent Surface Water Sub-Soil water Foul or Soil Water
What is a Drain? A means of Conveying surface water or foul water below ground level
What is a sewer Same as Drain only it collects the discharge from a no of drains and conveys it to the final outfall.
Basic Principles of Drainage to provide drainage that is simple efficient and economic by laying the drains at a gradient there must be an access point at a junction. to provide a drainage system that complies with part h of the buiding regulations.
Types of Drainage Systems 3 main types Seperate system - surface water discharge and foul water discharge are seperate. Combined system - both are together, so it is cheap and simple to make. Partially Seperate system - surface water adn then foul water and some surface water.
What is a Soakaway? These provide a means for collecting and controlling the seepage of rainwater into surrounding granular subsoils.
Picture of a Soakaway. name the parts. Cover inlet natural base concrete footing Cover slab Granular backfill
Design and selection of foundations depends on two factors name them Total load of building nature and bearing capacity of the soil.
2 Major Groups of Foundations. Name them Shallow Foundations Deep Foundations.
What is a Shallow Foundation and give Types of Shallow Foundations? These are found near to the finished ground surface.Simple spread foundations/ footings Concrete Pad/ Strip foundations or both Raft foundations.
What is a Deep Foundation and give Types of Deep Foundations ? these are found too deeply below the finished ground surface at depths greater than 3m.Pile Foundations
What is a Pad Foundation used for? Used to support individual point loads.
What is a Raft Fuondation used for? it is used to spread the load from a structure over a large area
What is a Pile Foundation Used for? Concrete or steel columns placed in the ground and are used whent he upper layers of soil are too weak.
Name the 3 types of walls? Solid brick walls - problem is insulation Cavity walls - have better thermal insulation and weather resistance properties than solid bricks or block wall. used in domestic buildings. Masonry walls- flush, struck or weathered, Bucket handle, Recessed.
Types of Bonds? English garden wall bonds Flemish garden wall bonds
Types of floors? Solid floors - ground floors Suspended floors - upper floors.
Types of concrete floors? Insitu concrete slabs Pre-cat concrete slabs Beam and Block.
Functions of a concrete floor provide a level surface with sufficient strength to support imposed loads. Exclude the passage of water to the interior of the building. provide resistance to heat loss throught he floor.
Timber floor components Skirting, Exterior wall, Floor boards, Joist wall plate, Damp proof course, Bottom plate, Plaster board, Termite Capping Joint hangers, Struttings or Noggings.
Name two types of roofs Pitch Roofs - A cut roof, a truss roof. Flat roofs - they are convenient and easy to Construct. - Built up felt roofing, Asphalt roofing Sigle Ply roofing.
What is single ply roofing they use a single polymeric membrane covering to provide a weather proof barrier. they are durable, have good appearance and ease of installation.
Created by: frantost
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