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Science-Chapter 11
Just a list to help you study
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define photosynthesis | Process by which plants and many other producers use light energy to produce a simple sugar from carbon dioxide and water and give off oxygen. |
| Define cellular respiration | A series of chemical reactions that breaks down food molecules and release energy. |
| Define photoperiodism | A plant's response to the lengths of daylight and darkness each day. |
| Define short-day plant | Plants that generaly require long nights-12 hours or more of darkness-to begin the flowering process. |
| Define long-day plant | Plant that generally requires shortnights-10 to 12 hours of darkness-to begin the flowering process. |
| Define auxins | Plant hormone that causes plant leaves and stems to exhibit positive tropisms to light. |
| Define ethylene gas | Produced in cells of ripening fruit, which stimulates the ripening process. |
| Describe how water gets into the plant | The plant absorbs the water through its roots. |
| Define stomata | tiny openings in a plant's epidermis through which carbon dioxide, water vapor, and oxygen enter and exit. |
| Define palisade layer | Layer where most of the plant's food is made. |
| Define spongy layer | Carbon dioxide and water vapor, which are needed in the food making process |
| Define gibberellins | A fungus that infects stems of plants and causes them to grow too tall. |
| Define light-dependent | Plants that require light for photosynthesis |
| Define light-independent | Plants that don't require light for photosynthesis |
| Define cytokinins | Promote growth by causing faster mitosis and cell divisions. |
| Define absicisic acid | Substance that keeps seeds from sprouting and buds from developing in the winter. |
| Define tropism | Positive or negative plant responses to an external stimulus such as light, touch, or gravity. |
| Why do sunflowers only bloom in the summer? | They are long day plants that require long days of sun and short periods of darkness. |
| Why do plants need glucose? | It's the basis of a plant's structure, and serves as a food for the plant. |
| How does water vapor leave a leaf? | Guard cells swell up with water and open the stomata, releasing water vapors and taking in carbon dioxide. |
| Why do the leaves of many trees change color in the autumn, die, and drop off? | There's not enough sunlight to keep the pigment green. |
| Describe two ways plants use the products of photosynthesis | They use the glucose for food and for plant structure. |
| How does auxin cause a plant to exhibit positive phototropism? | When light shines on a plant from one side, the auxin moves to the shaded side of the stem, and causes a change in growth. |
| What is it about bananas that ripen after you bring them home from the store? | The ethylene gas keeps it fresh until you bring it home to ripen. |
| What is the equation for photosynthesis? | 6co2 + 6h2o + light energy ---- c6h12o6 + 6o2 (carbon dioxide + water + light energy ----- glucose + oxygen) |
| What is the equation for cellular respiration? | c6h12o6 + 6o2 ---- 6co2 + 6h2o + energy (Glucose + oxygen ---- carbon dioxide + water + energy) |
| Define hormones | Control the changes in growth that result from tropisms and affect other plant growth; substances that can be used in other parts of a plant. |
| What is the purpose of hormones? | To help things grow and stimulate responses. |
Created by:
BridgetValentine1998
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