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Nucleus/Organelles

Vocabulary

QuestionAnswerFunction
Nuclear Envelope Double membrane that encloses the nucleus, separating it from the cytoplasm Controls what enters and leaves the nucleus
Nucleus A membrane enclosed organelle containing most of the cells genetic material Controls activities of the cell by regulating gene expression.
Ribosome A complex of rRNA and PROTEIN molecules, arranged into a large and small subunit, attached to the rough ER or free in the cytoplasm Site of protein synthesis
mRNA A type of RNA, synthesised using a DNA template (transcription), that attaches to ribosomes in the cytoplasm Specifies the primary structure of a protein as directed by the DNA
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER) A membranous network continuous with the outer nuclear membrane and studded with protein-manufacturing ribosomes Where protein synthesis occurs with ribosomes
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) Ribosome-free membranous network, continuous with the RER Synthesises lipids for membranes and also steroids
Chromosome Tightly-packed, condensed and organised structure of DNA and proteins Allows for the tight-packaging and storage of DNA inorder for it to be safely transferred in cell division
Chromatin Loosely packed DNA and histone proteins that make up the nucleus of the cell Packages DNA into small volume to fit into nucleus and controls gene expression and DNA replication
Euchromatin Loosely packed form of chromatin that is often under active transcription Participates in the active transcription of DNA to mRNA products
Nuclear Pore Large protein complexes, made up of eight protein particle subunits, that cross the nuclear envelope Allows the export of mRNA and ribosomes and import of molecules involved in RNA synthesis and DNA replication
Created by: 706924764
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