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Luke+Kyle sci final
science final for SRB omaha
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are waves of energy that travel through the Earth and are produced by earthquakes? | Seismic waves |
| What measures the strength of an earthquake? | The Richter Scale |
| What is the process of making older structures more earthquake resistant? | Retrofitting |
| What lava flows slowly and has a glassy surface with rounded wrinkles? | Pahoehoe lava |
| What is a break in a body of rock along which one block slides relative to one another? | A fault |
| What is a large body of air where temperature and moisture content are constant throughout? | An air mass |
| What is the study of earthquakes? | Seismology |
| What is the outermost layer of the Earth? | The crust |
| The middle layer of the Earth is the... | Mantle |
| The layer of Earth beneath the mantle is... | A. The crust B. The core C. The The inner core |
| Does the eye of the hurricane have strong winds or light winds? | Light winds |
| What is a vent or fissure in the Earth's surface through which magma and gases are expelled? | A volcano |
| What is the crust? | The thin and solid outermost layer of the Earth above the mantle |
| Which seismic wave causes particles to move in a back and forth motion? | P waves |
| The ________ is the layer of rock between the Earth's crust and core | mantle |
| A tracing of earthquake motion that is created by a seismograph is________ | A seismogram |
| True or False: The core is above the crust. | False. The core is the central part of the Earth below the mantle |
| Which of the following measures intensity? A. The Richter Scale B. The Mercalli Scale C. The Kyle Scale D. None of the above | The answer is B the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale |
| Define lithosphere. | the solid, outer layer of the Earth that consists of the crust and the rigid upper part of the mantle |
| The point along a fault at which the first motion of an earthquake occurs is_________ | The focus |
| The asthenosphere is the _______________ | soft layer of the mantle on which the tectonic plates move |
| When using the S-P time method how many circles do you draw? A. 7 B. 21 C. 3 D. 654 | The answer is C. Three circles |
| The ______________ is the storng, lower part of the mantle between the asthenosphere and the outer core | mesosphere |
| Which type of lava forms underwater? A. Underwater lava blocks B. Underwater A'a lava C. Pillow lava D. None of the above | C. Pillow lava forms underwater |
| What is a block of lithosphere that consists of the crust and the rigid, outermost part of the mantle? | Tectonic plates |
| True or False: If the water content of magma is high, an explosive eruption is more likely to occur. | True |
| Continental drift is _______________ | the hypothesis that states that the continents once formed a single landmass, broke up, and drifted to their present locations |
| A dormant will volcano is A. Actively erupting B. Sleeping C. Dead D. Underwater | B. Dormant volcanoes are sleeping |
| ______________________ is the process by which new oceanic lithosphere forms as magma rises toward the surface and soldifies | Sea-floor spreading |
| If you are caught outside during a thunderstorm the safest thing to do is A. Stand under a big tree B. Hold up a lightning rod C. Run away D. head for an open area | D. Go to an open area |
| Would an ocluded front bring sunny and warm weather or much precipitation | Much precipitation |
| Is an anticyclone an area of high or low pressure? | High pressure |
| Define Sea-floor spreading | The process by which new oceanic lithosphere forms as magama rises toward the surface and solidifies |
| The point along a fault at which the first motion of an earthquake occurs is__________ | The focus |
| The point on Earth's surface directly above the focus is____? | The epicenter |
| What are the three forces of Plate Tectonics? | Ridge Push, Slab Pull, and Convection |
| What is ridge push? | When oceanic lithosphere slides downhill under the force of gravity |
| What is slab pull? | When oceanic lithosphere is denser than the asthenosphere, the part of the tectonic plate that contains lithosphere sinks and pulls the rest of the tectonic plate with it |
| What is convection? | When hot rock from deep within the Earth rises, but cooler rock sinks, which causes the oceanic lithosphere to move sideways |
| What are the layers of earth by physical layers? | The lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesophere, outer core, and inner core |
| What was the single continent that exsisted over 245 million years ago? | Pangaea |
| Pangaea split into two pieces, which were called what and which was north and which was south? | Laurasia and Gondwana. Laurasia was the Northen continent, Gondwana was the southern |
| What is it called when Earth's magnetic poles change place? | A magnetic reversal |
| Magnetic reversals provide evidence for what? | Sea-floor spreading |
| What is the boundary at which two tectonic plates collide? | A convergent boundary |
| What is the boundary at which two tectonic plates seperate? | A divergent boundary |
| What boundary most often produces earthquakes? | A transform boundary |
| What is the process by which the shape of a rock changes because of stress? | Deformation |
| What two types of stress? | Compression and tension |
| What is a break in a body of rock along which one block slides relative to another? | A fault |
| What causes earthquakes? | Elastic deformation |
| The return of elastically deformed rock to its original shape is called__________ | Elastic rebound |
| Where do earthquakes occur? | Earthquakes usually happen in the earthquake zones along tectonic plate boundaries |
| The first waves to be detected are_____ | P waves |
| What type of wave shears rock side to side? | S waves |
| What type of waves moves along the Earth's surface? | Surface waves |
| What instrument records seismic waves? | Seismographs |
| What are tracings of earthquake motion? | Seismograms |
| What method is used to find the epiceneter of an earthquake? | The S-P time method |
| What scale measures the strength of an earthquake? | The Richter Scale |
| How much stronger is an earthquake with a magnitude of 7.0 than an earthquake with a magnitude of 4.0? | 1000 times stronger |
| The Modified Mercalli Scale measures what? | Intensity |
| Name three things that help guard a building against earthquakes | Any 3 of the following: mass damper, active tendon system, base isolators, cross braces, or flexible pipes |
| Name the four types of lava | A'a, Pahoehoe, Pillow, and Blocky lava |
| What is pyroclastic material? | Material that forms when magma is blasted into the air and hardens |
| The more silica in magma the _____ likely explosive eruptions are to occur | More |
| What are the three types of volcanoes? | Shield, Cinder Cone, and Composite volcanoes |
| Magma forms when... | The pressure in the mantle decreases at a boundary between seperating tectonic plates. |
| The four processes of the water cycle are___ | Condensation, Evaporation, Precipitation, and Runoff |
| What is the amount of water vapor in the air? | The humidity |
| What type of cloud produces thunderstorms? | Cumulonimbus |
| Cirrus clouds form at A. High altitudes B. Middle altitudes C. Low altitudes | A. High altitudes |
| What characteristics would a cP air mass have? | Dry and cold |
| Which type of front brings drizzly rain and is followed by clear and warm weather? | Warm fronts |
| Does an anticyclone have high or low pressure? How about a cyclone? | Anticyclones have high pressure; cyclones have low pressure |
| What weather does an anticyclone bring? How about a cyclone? | Anticyclones bring clear and dry weather; cyclones bring stormy weather |
| Lightning forms between _____ | Two oppositely charged surfaces |
| What precipitation forms when updrafts of air carry raindrops high in the clouds? | Hail |
| What precipitation forms when rain freezes in the air? | Sleet |
| What precipitation forms when wator vapor changes directly to a solid? | Snow |
| What do cT, cP, mT, and mP stand for? | Continental tropical, continental polar, maritime tropical, and maritime polar |
| What instrument measures air temperature? | A thermometer |
| What instrument measures air pressure? | A barometer |
| What instrument measures wind direction? | A wind sock |
| What instrument measures wind speed? | An anemometer |
Created by:
lukemoo
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