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Diseases Final KCC
Diseases Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Inflammatory infections of the hair follicles of the eyelid are called | styes. |
| A chronic, progressive neuromuscular disease that is characterized by extreme muscular weakness (generally appearing first in the face) and progressive fatigue is | myasthenia gravis. |
| Conjunctivitis can be caused by | infection, irritation, allergies or chemicals. |
| The only treatment that cures otosclerosis is a surgical procedure called stapedectomy. | true |
| Reye syndrome has been linked with the use of aspirin to treat chicken pox and influenza | true |
| Pyridostigmine bromide (Mestinon) is the drug of choice for treatment of | myasthenia gravis. |
| Placement of sharp objects into the ear canal, an explosion, a severe middle ear infection, or a blow to the ear could result in | a ruptured tympanic membrane. |
| Adrenal insufficiency, with progressive destruction of the adrenal gland, is called | Addison disease. |
| The master gland of the endocrine system is the | pituitary gland. |
| Damage to the pituitary gland, which causes hypopituitarism, can result from | radiation; surgical removal; ischemia |
| The presence of a painless lump or nodule on the thyroid gland should raise the suggestion of | cancer of the thyroid gland. |
| The disease that involves impairment of intestinal motility, which causes obstruction of the distal colon, is called | Hirschprung disease |
| The person experiencing insulin shock requires simple sugar. | true |
| Duchenne muscular dystrophy | is progressive and causes crippling and immobility |
| Hyperparathyroidism or overproduction of parathyroid hormone (PTH) causes | increased breakdown of bone; hypercalcemia; cardiac arrhytmias and renal caliculi |
| Keratitis is frequently caused by an infection of herpes simplex virus. | true |
| Cryptorchidism is | the failure of the testicle(s) to descend into the scrotum |
| Rapid heartbeat and palpitations, increased metabolism, weight loss, nervousness, excitability, profuse perspiration, excessive thirst, muscular weakness, exophthalmos, and the presence of a goiter are symptoms and signs of | Graves disease; primary hyperthryoidism; overproduction of thyroid hormone |
| A deficiency in the release of vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone [ADH]) by the posterior pituitary gland causes | diabetes insipidus. |
| Dysfunction of the endocrine system results in decreased or increased secretion of hormones. | true |
| There are no cures for connective tissue diseases, and treatment is only palliative. | true |
| The middle ear is normally air filled. | true |
| The inflammatory disease of the CNS that attacks the myelin sheath is | multiple sclerosis. |
| In hydrocephalus a large amount of cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the skull causing increased intracranial pressure. | true |
| With proper therapy the prognosis for children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) is | generally good |
| Necrotizing enterocolitis is an acute inflammatory process resulting from ischemic recrosis of the lining of the bronchial tubes | false |
| Vision impairment as a result of old age and the loss of elasticity in the lens is called | presbyopia |
| A defect in the _____ results in difficulty in visual detection of color and fine detail. | cones |
| Injections of vitamin B12, which must be continued for life, are the primary treatment for pernicious anemia. | true |
| Leukemia is characterized by an abnormal decrease in the number of immature white blood cells. | false |
| A collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity, resulting in a collapsed lung, describes a condition called | pneumothorax. |
| A double fracture of three or more adjacent ribs resulting in instability in the chest wall describes a patient with | flail chest |
| A fairly common chronic inflammatory disease of the alimentary canal involving all layers of the bowel, which causes chronic diarrhea, is | Crohn disease. |
| A progressive degeneration and weakening of the skeletal muscles is known as | muscular dystrophy. |
| A vasospastic disease of the fingers, hands, or feet resulting in pain, numbness, and sometimes discoloration is | Raynaud disease. |
| A vitamin D deficiency can cause this abnormal metabolic bone disease | osteomalacia. |
| Abdominal discomfort with maximum tenderness of the abdomen at McBurney's point, nausea, vomiting, fever, diarrhea, or constipation, are clinical signs of | appendicitis |
| An area of contained infectious material in the lung is known as | pulmonary abscess. |
| An infection in a bone, which can lead to an abscess formation and sequestrum if not properly cafred for, is called | osteomyelitis. |
| Causes of alopecia (baldness) include | biliary colic, with radiating pain, and jaundice. |
| Chronic, progressive, inflammatory disease of bones and joints caused by degenerative changes in the cartilage is called | osteoarthritis. |
| Contact dermatitis can be induced by | irritation, sensitization, or photoallergy. |
| Hiatal hernia can be caused by | a weakness that develops in the diaphragm. |
| Inflammation of the gallbladder commonly associated with gallstones is called | cholecystitis. |
| Joint and bone pain, fever, weight loss, fatigue, weakness, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and enlarged lymph glands are typical symptoms of | leukemia. |
| Mechanical obstruction of the bowel can result from | neoplasm, fecal impaction, volvulus, or intussusception. |
| Of primary importance in the diagnosis of hemoptysis is | determination of the source of the bleeding. |
| One of the most common skin disorders marked by an inflammatory condition of the sebaceous glands is | seborrheic dermatitis. |
| Painless enlargement of the lymph nodes, severe itching, fever, night sweats, weight loss, fatigue and malaise are symptoms of | Hodgkin disease. |
| Pseudomembranous enterocolitis is related to | use of broad spectrum antibiotics. |
| Stasis of blood flow from immobility, injury to a vessel, or predisposition to clot formation increase the risk of | pulmonary embolism. |
| The Epstein-Barr virus is the cause of | infectious mononucleosis. |
| The most common premalignant tumors are | actinic keratosis and nevi. |
| The name of the injury involving the semilunar cartilages in the knee is | torn meniscus. |
| The primary treatment of gastric cancer may include | gastric resection usually followed by chemoradiotherapy. |
| _____ is a fungal disease originating in the lungs, with the greatest occurrence in the Midwestern United States. | Histoplasmosis |
| _____ is a hereditary group of conditions of the connective tissue that causes an abnormal growth of the extremities. Cardiovascular complications are common. | Marfan syndrome |
| _____ is an eruption of extremely painful vesicles that occur in a bandlike unilateral pattern along the course of a peripheral nerve. | Herpes zoster |
| Cardiomyopathy is a noninflammatory disease of the cardiac muscle. | true |
| The somatoform disorder previously called hysteria is | conversion disorder. |
| The disease that encompasses a group of symptoms referred to as the protein-losing kidney is | nephrotic syndrome. |
| Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of PID helps prevent complications including | pelvic adhesions; increased risk of ectopic pregnancy; peritonitis and septicemia |
| The leading cause of deaths attributed to the female reproductive system is | ovarian cancer. |
| Invasive cervical cancer | is often considered a preventable disease. |
| Rust rings on the cornea may be the result of foreign bodies in the eye. | True |
| Treatment of snakebite includes | keeping the victim quiet and transporting to an emergency facility. |
| Carpal tunnel syndrome involves entrapment of the median nerve. | True |
| The soft tissue injury that occurs when a body part becomes entangled or entrapped resulting in skin, tissue, and bone being pulled from the body is a(an | avulsion. |
| The condition of the kidney caused by pressure from urine that cannot flow past an obstruction in the urinary tract is called | none of the above |
| Polycystic kidney disease | greatly enlarges the kidneys and leads to kidney failure. |
| Glomerulosclerosis describes renal changes, which are due to a systemic endocrine disease and are typical of | diabetic neuropathy. |
| Hyperemesis gravidarum is usually self-limiting and transient. | false |
| An acute rapidly progressive disease of the spinal nerves with progressive muscle weakness and paralysis in a 24- to 72-hour period may be indicative of | Guillain-Barre syndrome. |
| An inherited disorder in which the individual displays abrupt, bizarre, involuntary, dancelike movements and a decline in mental functions | Huntington's chorea. |
| The symptoms and signs of toxemia in pregnancy, preeclampsia, and eclampsia includ | hypertension, edema, protein in the urine, and convulsions. |
| The first sign of testicular cancer is | a painless lump discovered in the testicle. |
| Which of the following statements is true about renal cell carcinoma? | Risk factors may include smoking, obesity, and prolonged exposure to chemicals such as asbestosis and cadmium. |
| Dialysis filters out unwanted elements from the blood, usually removed by healthy kidneys; thus | the body's proper fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance is maintained. |
| The most commonly diagnosed STD in the United States is | human papillomavirus virus (HPV). |
| Lithotripsy is a procedure used to examine the urinary tract. | false |
| Pyelonephritis is the most common type of kidney disease. | true |
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