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Gillam ch 10-17,28
gillambiology ch 10-17,28 review alphabeticle list
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ABPOSITIVE | What blood type has the most protein antigens in it? |
| ABSOLUTE | Carbon-14 dating is a method of finding the -?- age of fossils less than 60,000 years old. |
| ACHONDROPLASIA | The fancy name for the disorder caused by a dominant gene which results in little people. |
| ACQUIRED | Lamarck believed that evolution was the result of -?- traits being passed on. |
| ADAPTED | Darwin said species changed as they -?- to their environments. |
| ADENINE | Guanine and -?- are both purines. |
| AGE OF THE WIFE | The odds of having a Down syndrome child goes up as the -?- of a man goes up. |
| ALL | Darwin's theory of evolution attributed -?- life on earth to a common ancestor. |
| ALLELES | The various forms of a gene are called -?- |
| ALLELES | All organisms have two -?- for any given gene. |
| ANALOGOUS | -?- structures look the same but evolved from different organs. |
| ANAPHASE | During which phase of mitosis do the sister chromatids get pulled apart? |
| ANCESTOR | Proving that different species have a common -?- proves evolution. |
| ANCESTORS | The theory of evolution includes the idea that fossils represent the -?- of species alive today. |
| ANSWER | Darwin came up with the theory of evolution as an -?- to the many questions raised by his observations. |
| ARTIFICIAL | Darwin noticed that people have been changing species for hundreds of years using -?- selection. |
| ARTIFICIAL SELECTION | Humans have been able to mold species to our liking through hundred of years of -?- |
| ASEXUAL | -?- reproduction is fast, but produces no variation. |
| AUG | What codon codes for methionine? |
| AUTOSOMES | A karyotype shows two sex chromosomes and 44 -?- |
| AVERY | Who discovered that gene were made of DNA in 1944? |
| BACTERIA | The first forms of life on Earth were -?- |
| BARR BODY | Cells in a girl often have a -?- because the cell deactivates one of the X chromosomes and pushes it to the side. |
| BASES | In translation a sequence of -?- becomes a sequence of amino acids. |
| BEAGLE | Darwin took a 3-year voyage on a ship named -?-. |
| BEHAVIORAL | If one type of ant won't mate with another species of ant because it does not smell right, then those two species are using a -?- isolation technique. |
| BELL | The graph of the phenotypes of a polygenic trait will usually be a -?- shaped curve. |
| BILLIONS | Humans have -?- of bases in their DNA. |
| BLUEPRINT | RNA is like a -?- of the parts of the master plan. |
| BOOK | A chromosome is like a -?- in the master plan. |
| BOOK LUNG | Spiders use a -?- for respiration. |
| BOOK LUNGS | Scorpions use -?- for respiration. |
| BOYS | A recessive gene on the X chromosome will be expressed most often in -?- |
| CAN | It is a fact that evolution -?- occur. |
| CARNIVORES | Spiders are -?-, using their silk to make webs and catch prey. |
| CELLS | According to figure 10-1 all snails have the same size -?- |
| CELLS | How naturally created organic chemicals could have formed into living -?- is still a mystery to science. |
| CENOZOIC | The -?- era began about 65 million years ago. |
| CENTIPEDE | A -?- is a carnivorous arthropod with 2 legs per segment. |
| CENTROMERE | The thing in the middle of a chromosome that holds the chromatids together is called a -?- |
| CEPHALIZATION | What is the one thing that all Echinoderms lack? |
| CEPHALOTHORAX | What part of a crayfish is covered by the carapace. |
| CHARGAFF | Who discovered that the amount of C and G are always the same in samples of DNA? |
| CHEMICALS | The Miller and Urey experiments showed how some organic -?- could be made by natural processes. |
| CHROMATID | Each half of a chromosome is called a -?- |
| CHROMATIN | DNA that is not bundled up is called -?- |
| CHROMOSOME | DNA that is copied and bundled is called a -?- |
| CHROMOSOME | A -?- is a highly coiled DNA molecule visible only during cell division. |
| CHROMOSOMES | True independent assortment rarely happens because the genes for traits are bundle together on -?- |
| CHROMOSOMES | Humans have 46 -?- |
| CLONE | An identical twin born to a different mother at a different time would be a -?- |
| CLOSE TOGETHER | If the recombination frequency is low (don't recombine much) then the genes must be -?- on the chromosome. |
| CODOMINANT | If a bear looks gray because it has white hairs and black hairs then the black and white genes must be -?- |
| CODOMINANT | Since people who are heterozygous for the sickle cell anemia gene have both round and crescent shaped cells, the normal and the sickle cell gene must be -?- |
| COLEOPTERA | What is the name of the insect order with the most species? |
| COMPETE | Overproduction causes the offspring to -?- for the limited resources. |
| COMPOUND | Insects have -?- eyes. |
| CONTACT | -?- inhibition cause normal cells to stop growing when they become crowded by neighboring cells. |
| CONVERGENT | Different species in similar environments will likely undergo -?- evolution. |
| CORE | The -?- of a virus is made of DNA |
| CROSSING OVER | The process of -?- allow for novel combinations of genes to be created from a limited pool of chromosomes. |
| CUAAUGU | What would GATTACA be transcribed into? |
| CYCLINS | What are the newly discovered chemicals called that have a controlling influence over the cell cycle? |
| CYSTIC FIBROSIS | Approximately 1 out of 30 people is a carrier for the gene that causes -?- |
| CYTOKINESIS | The final part of the cell cycle when the cell becomes two cells is called -?- |
| CYTOSINE | What is the complimentary base that goes with guanine in a DNA molecule? |
| DEOXYRIBOSE | What is the name of the sugar in DNA? |
| DIFFERENT | Meiosis produces new cells that are genetically -?- from each other and the cell they came from. |
| DIFFERENTIATION | The specialization of cells into different tissues is know as -?- |
| DINOSAURS | There were a lot of -?- during the Mesozoic era. |
| DIRECTIONAL | -?- selection will cause the average of a polygenic trait to shift either higher or lower. |
| DISASTERS | Natural -?- can cause evolution, even in the absence of natural selection. |
| DISRUPTIVE | -?- selection will not change the average of a polygenic trait, but it will reduce the number of individuals that have the average. |
| DNA | One reason really big cells cannot exist is that the -?- can only control so much. |
| DNA | What was transforming the nice bacteria into killer in Griffith's experiments? |
| DNA | Lamarck did not realize that the only thing a parent passes on to its offspring is -?- |
| DNA FINGERPRINT | A -?- is produced by analyzing the junk DNA between the genes. |
| DNA POLYMERASE | What enzyme reads/copies the DNA molecule during replication. |
| DOMINANCE | Mendel believed the F1 generations of hybrids were all the same was due to the -?- of certain traits. |
| EARTH | Darwin figured that if the -?- could change as Hutton and Lyell suggested, them maybe life could change. |
| EIGHT | How many different blood types are there? |
| ELECTRICITY | In order to get an egg to accept the replacement DNA scientist use -?- to encourage the cell to fuse and begin mitosis. |
| EMBRYO | The only real difference between a clone and any other individual is the way the -?- was made. |
| EMBRYOS | Where do human stems cells come from? TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY |
| EMBRYOS | The similarities in -?- of different species can be explained by the theory of evolution. |
| ENDOSYMBIOTIC | The -?- theory says that the organelles of the first eukaryotic cells were actually bacteria living symbiotically within other bacteria. |
| ENVIRONMENT | During natural selection it is the -?- that determines which organisms will survive. |
| ENVIRONMENTAL | Many traits are the results of an interaction between genetic factors and -?- factors. |
| ENVIRONMENTS | Species on different continents look similar because they have been evolving in similar -?-. |
| EQUILIBRIUM | If a population is not evolving then it must be in a state of genetic -?- |
| EVOLUTION | Today -?- is defined as a change in the frequency of the alleles in a population. |
| EXONS | What do we call the parts of the DNA that actually code for proteins? |
| EXOSKELETON | Arthropods have an -?- made of chitin. |
| EXTERNAL | Echinoderms use -?- reproduction, and the parents never meet each other. |
| FALSE | In Griffith's experiments a mixture of nice and killer bacteria would probably not harm the mice. truth or false |
| FANGS | The chelicerae of spiders are basically -?- |
| FAR APART | If the recombination frequency is high then the genes must be -?- on the chromosome. |
| FERTILIZATION | During -?- the DNA of two cells is joined into one. |
| FISH | There were a lot of -?- during the Paleozoic era. |
| FITTEST | Natural selection only lets the -?- survive. |
| FLEX | Bugs have muscles that extend and -?- joints. |
| FOSSIL | The most compelling evidence that evolution has occurred is the -?- record. |
| FOSSILS | Darwin collected -?- and samples of the living species during his voyage. |
| FOUR | The crustaceans usually have -?- antennae. |
| FRAME | A deletion of a base in DNA results in a -?- shift mutation that will affect many amino acids. |
| FRANKLIN | Who took the x-ray photos of DNA that helped Watson and Crick figure out the structure of DNA? |
| FREQUENCY | The relative -?- of an allele gives its percentage of the gene pool for that trait. |
| GALAPAGOS | Darwin noticed that the climate of the different -?- islands varied along with the species that lived on them. |
| GATTACA | If one side of a DNA molecule had CTAATGT on it, what would the other side have on it? |
| GELELECTROPHORESIS | -?- is used to make DNA fingerprints and to separate DNA pieces based on their sizes. |
| GENE | The modern definition of a -?-, is a section of DNA that controls a particular trait. |
| GENE | What do we call a section of DNA that codes for a protein? |
| GENERATIONS | It takes many -?- for evolution to occur. |
| GENES | Differentiation is accomplished in humans by the control of the expression of -?- |
| GENETIC | DNA stores and transmits -?- information. |
| GENETICDRIFT | -?- is evolution caused by accident rather than natural selection. |
| GEOGRAPHIC | The -?- distribution of species can be explained by the fact that species on different continents descended from different ancestors. |
| GEOGRAPHICAL | If one species does not mate with another species because a river separates them, then that is a -?- isolation technique. |
| GILLS | Crustaceans use -?- for respiration. |
| GIRLS | A dominant gene on the X chromosome will be expressed most often in -?- |
| GLUTAMINE | What amino acid would be coded for by CAG on the RNA molecule? |
| GRADUALISM | Darwin believed in a slow and steady evolution know today as -?- |
| GRAY | What color would the feathers be of a heterozygous bird be if they carry a black gene that has incomplete dominance over the white gene it carries? |
| GREEN GLANDS | What crayfish organ lies in the head near the brain? |
| HEREDITY | Genetic scientists study -?-, and try to understand how traits get passed on to offspring. |
| HETEROZYGOUS | A genotype with two different alleles (such as in most hybrids) is said to be -?- |
| HGP | What government sponsored project was completed in the year 2000. (acronym) |
| HIMALAYAN | According to figure 11-12, what color coat is recessive to all other colors accept albino? |
| HISTIDINE | What amino acid would GTA on the DNA eventually result in after transcription and translation? |
| HISTONES | What are the protein molecules called that help DNA bundle in Eukaryotic cells? |
| HOMOLOGOUS | -?- structures look different but evolved from the same organs. |
| HOMOZYGOUS | A genotype with two identical alleles is said to be -?- |
| HUTTON | What geologist who wrote a book in 1795 about how geological forces have shaped the Earth? |
| HYBRIDIZATION | -?- can produce new types of plants with traits that represent the best of both worlds. |
| HYBRIDS | If the male P-generation and the female P-generations were different, then the offspring would be -?- |
| IDENTICAL | Mitosis produces new cells that are genetically -?- to each other and the cell they came from. |
| ILLEGAL | It is possible but -?- to clone humans today. |
| INBREEDING | Although -?- can cause problem, it does maintain the desired characteristics in the offspring. |
| INCOMPLETE | The fossil record provides an -?- history of life on Earth. |
| INDIVIDUALS | There are always twice as many alleles as there are -?- in the population. |
| INSERTIONS | Substitutions, deletions, and -?- are all examples of point mutations. |
| INTERPHASE | According to figure 10-4 the cell cycle can be divided up into two main segments: cell division and -?- |
| INTRON | Usually a mutation of an -?- will not harm a person. |
| INTRONS | What do we call the parts of the DNA that don't say anything? |
| JOINTED | All arthropods have -?- appendages. |
| KARYOTYPE | A picture of your chromosomes during mitosis. |
| KIDNEYS | The malpighian tubules of insects have the same function as human -?- |
| LARGE INTESTINE | If we ANALYZE DATA we find that the cells of the -?- take about 6 days to complete a life cycle. |
| LARVA | The immature form of an insect that undergoes complete metamorphosis is called a -?- |
| LAVA | A one point the entire Earth was one big ball of -?- |
| LAY EGGS | The job of a queen insect is to -?- |
| LETHAL | Having an extra chromosome is usually a -?- condition. |
| LIVE | A person can -?- without a Y chromosome, but not without an X chromosome. |
| MALARIA | The good thing about having half your blood cells sickle shaped is that you are less likely to get -?- |
| MALE | The anterior pair of swimmerets are enlarged in the -?- crayfish. |
| MAMMALS | There were a few small -?- alive during the Mesozoic era. |
| MAN | During artificial selection, it is -?- that decides who will live and die. |
| MANDIBLES | Crustaceans usually have mouth parts called -?-. |
| MARKERS | It is important to place -?- on the DNA of transformed organism so that we can tell them apart from the natural species. |
| MATES | Most non-social insects communicate in order to find -?- |
| MEIOSIS | What process turns one normal diploid body cell into 4 haploid sex cells. |
| MENDEL | Who was the "father" of genetics? |
| MESOZOIC | The -?- era had a mass extinctions before and after it. |
| METAPHASE | During which stage of mitosis do the chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell? |
| METEORITE | The evidence suggest that it was a -?- that caused the mass extinctions. |
| MILLIONS | Hutton said that it took -?- of years for the Earth's features to form. |
| MILLIPEDE | A -?- is a detritivore, with 4 legs per segment. |
| MISSING LINKS | -?- are used by creationists as proof that the fossil record does not show evolution. |
| MITOSIS | What process creates new skin cells to replace old ones? |
| MOLTING | During -?- an insects sheds its old exoskeleton. |
| MRNA | What nucleic acid tells the ribosome which amino acid comes next? |
| MUTATION | What do we call a change in the base sequence in the DNA? |
| MUTATIONS | Though out history it has been the introduction of random -?- that has provided the source of useful and novel characteristics along with genetic disorders. |
| MUTATIONS | -?- are a source of variation in an asexually reproducing population. |
| NATURAL | -?- selection can be stabilizing, disruptive, or directional. |
| NERVES | Knowing how to control the cell cycle could lead to a cure to cancer and treatments to repair damaged -?- |
| NICE | In Griffith's experiments the bacteria that formed into rough colonies were the -?- bacteria. |
| NONDISJUNCTION | Down syndrome is most often the result of -?- that occurs during the formation of an egg cell. |
| NONE | What animals did Mendel do genetic experiments on? |
| NUCLEOTIDES | What are the monomers used to make DNA? |
| NUCLEUS | Prokaryotic cells do not have a -?- to hold their single strand of DNA |
| NYMPH | The immature form of an insect that undergoes incomplete metamorphosis is called a -?- |
| O NEGATIVE | What blood type can give to all other types? |
| ONE HUNDRED | If big toes is dominant, and little toes is recessive, what is the probability of getting a heterozygous kid when a homozygous big toed person is crossed with a homozygous little toed person? |
| OPEN | Arthropods have an -?- circulatory system. |
| OPERATOR | In bacteria gene expression can be controlled when repressor proteins knot the DNA by attaching to the -?- site on the DNA strand. |
| OPERONS | Humans do not have -?-, so our cells can access each gene individually. |
| ORGAN | Someday soon we may have transgenic pigs that can act as -?- donors for humans. |
| OVER PRODUCTION | Malthus helped Darwin realize that all species have the capacity for -?-. |
| OXYGEN | There was no -?- in the early Earth's atmosphere. |
| PAGE | A gene is like a -?- in the master plan. |
| PAIRS | Humans have 23 -?- of chromosomes in each cell. |
| PAIRS | Humans have 23 chromosome -?- |
| PALEONTOLOGISTS | -?- are scientists that collect and study fossils. |
| PALEOZOIC | The -?- era did not follow a mass extinction. |
| PEDIGREE CHARTS | Today the use of DNA analysis has largely replaced the use of -?- to determine an individuals genotype. |
| PERIODS | The Eras of the Geologic time scale are divided up into -?- |
| PHENOTYPE | The colors in a pedigree chart represent the -?- of the individuals. |
| PHENYLALANINE | What amino acid would AAA on the DNA eventually result in after transcription and translation? |
| PHOSPHATE | What molecular group sits between the sugars in a DNA molecule? |
| PKU | What is a recessive autosomal disease that all babies are checked for immediately after birth? |
| PLATE | In plants cells cytokinesis is performed by the construction of a cell -?- across the middle of the cell. |
| PNEUMONIA | What disease did Griffith inject into mice? |
| POINT | A mutation that affects just one base is called a -?- mutation. |
| POLAR BODIES | Meiosis in females results in one egg and 3 -?- |
| POLLINATION | Many foods we eat depend on -?- by insects. |
| POLYGENIC | I.Q. is determined by the interaction of many genes working together, in other words I.Q. is a -?- trait. |
| POLYGENIC | -?- traits cannot by crossed using a Punnett square. |
| POLYPEPTIDE | According to figure 12-18 , what is another name for a protein, or chain of amino acids. |
| POLYPLOIDY | A condition where a plant has an entire extra set of chromosomes. |
| POOL | The gene -?- consists of all the alleles in a population. |
| POPULATION | A -?- is a group of the same species that interbreed. |
| POPULATIONS | -?- evolve, not individuals. |
| PRECAMBRIAN | -?- was the first and longest period of time in the geologic time scale. |
| PROBABILITY | Punnett squares are used to predict the -?- of genotypes and phenotypes in the offspring of a cross. |
| PROLINE | What amino acid would GGG on the DNA eventually result in after transcription and translation? |
| PROPHASE | What is the first step of mitosis? |
| PROTEIN | What is the outside of a virus made of? |
| PROTEINS | Bad DNA creates bad -?- that create bad traits. |
| PUNCTUATED | The fossil record matches better with a -?- equilibrium pattern of evolution. |
| RADIATION | Chemicals, viruses, and -?- can all cause mutation. |
| RANDOM | Since all naturally occurring mutations are -?-, it is very rare for it to be beneficial. |
| RANDOM | If evolution is to be stopped then the matings must be -?- |
| READ | After completing the HGP people were heard to say, now that we have the book we need to how to -?- it. |
| RECESSIVE | -?- genes will usually not affect the phenotype unless they are present in a double dose in the individual. |
| RECESSIVE | Lethal genetic disorders are usually -?-, otherwise they would never get passed on to the next generation. |
| RECOMBINANT | -?- DNA technology has allowed us to create glowing mice. |
| RECOMBINATION | Crossing over is also know as -?-, the frequency of which can be measured as an indication of how close genes are on a chromosome. |
| REFLEXES | Since Echinoderms do not have a brain it is assumed that there responses to stimuli are guided by -?- |
| RELATED | DNA is now being used to prove that species are -?- |
| RELATIVE | -?- dating of fossils tells us which came first and which came last, but not how old they are. |
| REPRODUCE | By definition, the most fit organisms are the ones that -?- most. |
| REPRODUCTIVE | Meiosis occurs only in the -?- organs of a birds body. |
| REPRODUCTIVELY | In order for speciation to occur, a population must be split into two -?- isolated groups. |
| RESTRICTION | -?- enzymes are able to cut DNA at specific base sequences. |
| RIBOSE | What is the name of the sugar in RNA? |
| RIBOSOME | Where is the mRNA translated? |
| RNA What solves the problem of having the instructions for proteins being in one spot, and the construction site in another. | |
| RNABASES | Transcription changes a sequence of DNA bases into a sequence of -?-. |
| RNA POLYMERASE | What enzyme transcribes DNA into RNA. |
| RRNA | What type of nucleic acid is a ribosome made of? |
| SALT | A "spiky" looking red blood cell was probably placed in -?- water. salt or pure |
| SCORPION | A -?- is a carnivorous arachnid with pincers and a poison barb at the end of its abdomen. |
| SEDIMENTARY | Most fossils are found in -?- rocks. |
| SEGMENTED | Arthropods have a -?- body. |
| SEGREGATION | During -?- a "coin" is flipped to see which allele a person is carrying will be give to the gamete they are producing. |
| SEVEN | The time-line on pg 292 is misleading because 1960 to 1977 (17 years) is 3 cm , but 1951 to 1953 (2 years) is about -?- cm. |
| SEXLINKED | -?- genes are usually on the X chromosome, and cause disorders that are expressed much more often in males. |
| SEXUAL | Most variation in a population is the result of -?- reproduction. |
| SIMILARITIES | Much of the evidence for evolution comes from the fact that the many -?- among the different species suggest a common ancestry. |
| SINGLE | Unlike DNA, RNA is a -?- strand. |
| SMALL | It is impossible to stop a very -?- population from evolving. |
| SMOOTH | In Griffith's experiments the colonies of killer bacteria looked -?- |
| SPECIALIZATION | It is -?- and division of labor that allows insect societies to do so much. |
| SPECIATION | -?- occurs during adaptive radiation. |
| SPECIES | Darwin wondered so many different -?- existed. |
| SPERM | The gender of the offspring is determined by which sex chromosome the -?- was carrying. |
| SPINY | The echinoderms are characterized by their -?- skin. |
| SPIRACLES | The air exits an insect's tracheal tubes through holes called -?-. |
| SPREAD DISEASE | The insects that cause the most harm to humans are the ones that -?- |
| SQUARE | In a pedigree chart a male is represented by a -?- |
| STABILIZING | -?- selection will make the bell shaped curve of phenotypes taller with steeper sides. |
| STOP | Natural selection will -?- evolution when the species is perfect. |
| SUBSTITUTION | What type of mutation will only affect one amino acid in the resultant protein? |
| SURFACE | One reason really big cells cannot exist is that as the cell gets the bigger the -?- to volume ratio goes down. |
| TELOPHASE | What is the last step of mitosis? |
| TEMPORAL | -?- isolation keeps plants that bloom in the spring from mating with plants that bloom in the fall. |
| TERRESTRIAL | -?- arthropods must use a form of internal fertilization, or else the gametes would dehydrate and die. |
| TETRADS | During meiosis -?- form as 2 homologous chromosomes (4 chromatids) line up together in the middle of the cell. |
| THEORY | It is a -?- that evolution has created all the different species that exist on Earth today. |
| THERAPY | Gene -?- attempts to cure genetic disorders by inserting good DNA into cells of the patient. |
| THORAX | The legs of an insect are attached to the -?- |
| THOUSAND | Prior to the books by Lyell and Hutton, everyone assumed the Earth was just a few -?- years old. |
| THOUSANDS | Humans have -?- of genes. |
| THOUSANDS | There are -?- of genes on your DNA. |
| THREE | How many bases make a codon? |
| THREE | Insects have -?- body segments. |
| TICK | A -?- is basically a parasitic arachnid. |
| TIME | Darwin used the evidence provided by Hutton and Lyell to show that there was lots of -?- for evolution to occur. |
| TODAY | Lyell wrote a book about geology where he suggested that the past must be explained by what we see happening -?- |
| TRACERS | What are the radioactive atoms called that scientists can detect with instruments. |
| TRAITS | Many of your -?- caused by your genes can not bee seen. |
| TRANSFERRNA | The anticodons are on the -?-. |
| TRANSFORMATION | Bacteria cells suck up DNA from their surroundings in a process know as -?- |
| TRANSGENIC | Most of the cloned organism have been rare -?- organism made with recombinant DNA technology. |
| TRILOBITES | Arthropods have evolved from -?-. |
| TRNA | What type of nucleic acid brings amino acids to the ribosomes? |
| TRUTH | The bacteria became radioactive after the virus with tracers on its DNA infected it. truth or false |
| TUBEFEET | Star fish respirate, urinate, and locomate with their -?-. |
| TWENTY THREE | A normal human egg has -?- chromosomes. |
| TWO | Spiders have -?- body sections. |
| UNBRANCHED | The appendages of the uniramians are -?-. |
| UNZIP | The first step in replication of DNA is to -?- the DNA molecule. |
| URACIL | Unlike DNA, RNA has a -?- base. |
| VARIATION | Artificial selection works due to the natural -?- that exists in all species. |
| VENTRAL | Bugs have a brain connected to a -?- nerve cord. |
| VESTIGIAL | Evolution can explain the presence of -?- organs such as the human appendix and wisdom teeth. |
| VIRUS | A bacteriophage is a -?- |
| WALLACE | It was an article by -?- which contained many ideas identical to Darwin's, that finally forced Darwin to publish "On the Origin of Species". |
| WAX | Humans get such useful items as silk, -?- and honey from insects. |
| WEATHER | The different Galapagos islands had a variety of -?- patterns. |
| ZERO | If big toes is dominant, and little toes is recessive, what is the probability of getting a little toed kid when a homozygous big toed person is crossed with a homozygous little toed person? |
| ZERO | Spiders have -?- antenna. |
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