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MooreS

Unit 2 Wk6/7

Bio Vocab.Def.OrigionPrefix/MeaningRoot/MeaningSuffix/MeaningAlternate Words
amino acids basic building blocks of protein molecules Lt N/A amine/chemical compound formed from ammonia ; acere/to be sour N/A ammonia, acrid, amino, amin
carbohydrate organic compound used by cells to store and release energy; composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen Lt carbo-/ carbon hydor/ water -ate/ chemical compound or complex anion derived from a (specified) compound or element complex carbohydrate, carbolate, carbohydrase, carbolic
enzyme type of protein found in all living things that increases the rate of chamical reactions Gk en-/ in, into zyme/ leaven N/A enzym, enzymatic, enzymatically, enzymic
lipid organic compounds commonly called fats and oils; are insoluble in water and used by cells for long-term energy storage, insulation, and protective coatings, such as in membranes Gk N/A lipos/ fat -ide/chemical suffix for a bianary compound lipide, lipidic, lipase, lipin
protein large, complex polymer essential to all life composed of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and usuaaly sulfur; provides structure for tissues and organs and helps carrey out cell metabolism Gk N/A protos/ first N/A proteide, proteinaceous, proteinase, proteid
nucleic acid any of various complex organic acids (as DNA or RNA) that are composed of nucleotide chains Ger N/A nuklein/ substance obtained from a cell nucleus; acere/to be sour N/A nuclei, nucleic, nuclein, nucleinic
metabolism all of the chemical reactions that occurwithin an organism Gk meta-/ changed, altered ballein/ to throw -ism/manner of action or behavior characteristic of a (specified) person or thing metabolite, metabolize, metabolic, metabolically
organelles membrane-bound structures within eukaryotic cells Lt N/A organum/ instrument, organ N/A organa, organdie, organdy, organic
prokaryote unicellular organisms, such as bacteria, composed of prokaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells lack internal membrane-bound structures Gk pro-/rudimentary;front;precursory;before kary/nut;nucleus of a cell -otes/ plural noun suffix prokaryotic, procaryote, prolactin, prolamine
eukaryote unicellular or multicellular organisms, such as yeast, plants, and animals composed of eukaryotic cells, which contain a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles Gk eu-/ well kary/ nut -otes/ plural noun suffix eukaryotic, eucaryote, eukaryotically, eukaryota
selective permeability feature of the plasma membrane that maintains homeostasis within a cell by allowing some molecules into the cell while keeping others out Lt per-/ throughout meare/ to pass -able/ ; -ity/ worthy of permeable, selectively, selectiveness, selectivity
chloroplast chloroplast-containing cell organelles found in the cells of green plants and some protists; capture light energy from the sun, which is converted to chemical energy in food molecules Gk chloros-/ chlorine phyllon/ a leaf N/A chloroplastic, Chloe,
mitochondria eukaryotic membrane-bound organelles that transform energy stored in food molecules into ATP; has a highly folded inner membrane that produces energy-storing molecules Gk mitos-/ thread chondros/ cartilage N/A mitochondrion, mitochondrial, mitomycin, mitosis
nucleus positively charged center of an atom composed of neutrons and positively charged protons, and surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons. In eukaryotic cells, the central membrane-bound organelle that manages cellular functions and contains DNA Lt N/A nuc/ ; nux/ little nut N/A nuclei, nucleuses, nuclide, nuclidic
ribosome nonmembrane-bound organelles in the nucleus where enzymes and other proteins are assembled Ger/Gk ribo-/5-sugar component N/A -some/ characterized by a (specified) thing, quality, state, or action ribose, ribosomal, ribose nucleic acid, ribonucleoprotein
Created by: Moore
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