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biology chpter 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Nutrition | The sum total of activities through which a living organism obtains food |
| Ingestion | taking in of food |
| Digestion | the breaking down of food into molecules |
| Molecule | The smallest part of a compound that retains its chemical characteristics |
| Assimilation | involves the changing of certain nutrients into the protoplasm of cells |
| Transport | involves the absorption of materials by living things including the movement and distribution of the materials within the body of the organism |
| Diffusion | The flow of molecules from an area where these molecules are in great concentration to an are where there are fewer of them |
| Active transport | Movement of molecules powered by energy |
| Circulation | movement of fluid and its dissolved materials throughout the body of an organism |
| Respiration | Consists of breathing and cellular respiration |
| Breathing | The intake of air ( inhaling) and the letting out of carbon dioxide and water vapor (exhaling) |
| Cellular respiration | is a complex process through which energy is released from nutrient molecules |
| Excretion | Removes waste products of other life functions from the body |
| Synthesis | involves biochemical process by which small molecules are built into larger ones |
| Regulation | Includes all the process that control and coordinate the many activities of a living thing |
| Growth | Describes the increase in cell size and increase if the cell numbers |
| reproduction | The process in which new individuals are produced by parent organism. |
| Asexual reproduction | Involves only one parent |
| Sexual reproduction | requires the participation of two parent each producing special reproductive cells known as sex cells or gametes |
| metabolism | All the chemical activities in the body that produces or uses energy |
| anabolism | Small molecules are combined to produce bigger molecules which uses energy |
| Catabolism | Molecules are broken down to which releases energy |
| homeostasis | Staying the same shape |
| Adaptation | a trait that aids survival in a species |
| species | A group of similar organism that can mate and produce fertile off-spring |
| Monera | Single celled organisms which lacks an organized nucleus mitochondria chloroplasts and other membrane bound organelles they have a circular chromosome. ex bacteria and blue algae |
| Protista | One celled organisms that have a membrane bound nucleus. within the nucleus are chromosomes that exhibit certain changes during the reproductive cycle. Other cellular organelles are surrounded by membrane. |
| Fungi | Non-mobile, plant like creatures that can not make their own food. They absorb their food from living and nonliving organic sources. differ from plants in cell wall, in method of reproduction, and structure of body. ex mushrooms and mold |
| Plantae | includes mosses, ferns, grasses, shrubs, flowering plants, and trees. they make their own food through photosynthesis and contain chloroplasts. Cell wall contains cellulose |
| Animalia | All are multicellular organisms.Cells contain chromosomes. and reproduce using sperm or eggs |
| Archaeobacteria | Survives only where there is no oxygen. They live in harsh enviorments. examples are salt loving bacteria, healt loving bacteria and methane loving bacteria |
| Eubacteria | Most bacteria belong to this classification. some classified by shape bacillus( rod shaped), cocus(round), spirillum (spiral) |
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