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Camponeschi
Camponeschi - chemistry part 3 (balancing equations, etc.)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Law of Conservation of Mass | Mass of the reactants = mass of products (cannot create or destroy an atom) |
| coefficient | the large number in front of an atom or molecule - means not bonded |
| subscript | small number that is on the lower right side of the element - means bonded together |
| Why do we balance equations? | To show that no atoms were created or destroyed - to follow the law of conservation of mass |
| endothermic reaction | a chemical reaction when the chemical absorbs heat from the environment and makes the chemical (environment) feel COLD |
| exothermic reaction | a chemical reaction when the chemical releases heat from the environment and makes the chemical (environment) feel WARM |
| Which reaction is this? C6H12O6 + O2 --> CO2 + H2O | RESPIRATION |
| Which reaction is this? CO2 + H2O --> C6H12O6 + O2 | PHOTOSYNTHESIS |
| What is an acid? | a chemical that has a sour taste and corrodes metal - such as lemon juice or stomach acid |
| Does an acid have a low or high pH? | low pH |
| What is a base? | a chemical that has a bitter taste and feels slippery such as soap or bleach |
| Does a base have a low or high pH? | high pH |
| What happens when an acid and a base mix? | the chemicals neutralize each other - make the pH of the product neutral (7) |
| In a chemical equation, where are the products? | after the arrow - the arrow points to the products |
| In a chemical equation, where are the reactants? | before the arrow - the arrow does not point to the reactants |
| In a chemical equation, what does the arrow mean? | yield, turn into, changes to, etc. |
| When looking at a chemical equation, how can you determine if a chemical change has taken place? | When the products are a DIFFERENT COMBINATION of elements - the compounds have a different chemical formula. |
| When looking at a chemical equation, how can you determine if a physical change has taken place? | when the products have the SAME CHEMICAL FORMULA (same combination of elements) as the reactants |
| Chemical or physical change? N2 ---> N2 | physical change |
| Na + Cl --> NaCl | chemical change |
| Na + Cl --> Cl + Na | physical change |
| KF + Cl --> KCl + F | chemical change |
| ion | charged atom |
| how is an ion formed? | when an atom either gains or loses electrons |
| What is the force that holds an ionic bond together? | the opposite charges of the ions is the bond - makes the atoms stick together |
| What types of element (metal or nonmetal) form ionic bonds | metals bond with nonmetals |
| what type of ion do metals form? | positive ions - they usually lose electrons |
| what type of ion do nonmetals form? | negative ions - they usually gain electrons |
| what force holds a covalent bond together | the sharing of valence electrons |
| What types of element (metal or nonmetal) form covalent bonds | nonmetals with nonmetals |
| Ionic, Covalent or not possible? NaCl | ionic - Na is a metal; Cl is a nonmetal |
| Ionic, Covalent, or not possible? CO2 | covalent - carbon and oxygen are nonmetals |
| Ionic, Covalent, or not possible? CaMg | not possible - both are metals which form positive ions that repel each other |
| Ionic, Covalent, or not possible? SF2 | covalent - both are nonmetals |
| Ionic, Covalent, or not possible? Be2N3 | ionic bond - Be is a metal, N is a nonmetal |
| Ionic, Covalent, or not possible? K2Be | not possible - both are metals and both form negative ions which would repel each other |
| in what organelle does respiration take place? | mitochondria |
| in what organelle does photosynthesis take place? | chloroplasts |
| For the chemical equation CaCl2 + NaOH --> CaOH + NaCl, will you see HUGS? | Yes - this is a chemical change |
| For the chemical equation CO2 (solid) --> CO2 (gas), will you see HUGS? | No - this is a physical change |
| in the equation, CaCl2 + NaOH --> CaOH + NaCl, what are the products? | CaOH + NaCl |
| In the equation, KF + Cl --> KCl + F, what are the reactants? | KF + Cl |
| in the equation, Na + Cl <-- NaCl, what are the reactants? | NaCl (the arrow is pointing to the products) |
| How is the law of conservation of energy maintained during an endothermic reaction | energy is not created or destroyed - simply moving. the substance feels cold because it is absorbing energy from the environment and storing the energy in the chemical bonds (kinetic energy changing to potential energy) |
| How is the law of conservation of energy maitained during an exothermic reaction? | energy is not created or destroyed - simply moving. the substance feels warm because it is releasing energy to the environment from the stored the energy in the chemical bonds (potential energy changing to kinetic energy) |
| how do you know when an acid/base reaction takes place? | the pH of the products is between that of the two reactants - the product pH is neutral |
| rate of a chemical reaction | how fast the reaction takes place |
| what factors affect the rate of a chemical reaction? | temperature, surface area, concentration |
| how will increasing the temperature of a chemical affect the rate of the reaction | increase the rate - because the molecules are moving faster - interacting with each other faster |
| how will increasing the surface area of a chemical affect the rate of the reaction | increase the rate - more particles of the chemical are exposed and thus react (interact with other chemical) more |
| how will increasing the concentration of a chemical affect the rate of a chemical reaction | increase the rate - the strong the concentration (the more of the chemical there is) the faster the reaction will be because there are more of the chemicals for interaction to take place |
| overall, what is affecting the rate of a chemical reaction? | how easily the particles of the reactants can get together - the easier they can get together, the faster the reaction. |
| how will decreasing the temperature of a chemical affect the rate of the reaction | decrease the rate - because the molecules are moving slower - interacting with each other more slowly |
| how will decreasing the surface area of a chemical affect the rate of the reaction | decrease the rate - less particles of the chemical are exposed and thus react (interact with other chemical) less |
| how will decreasing the concentration of a chemical affect the rate of a chemical reaction | decrease the rate - the less the concentration (the less of the chemical there is) the slower the reaction will be because there is less of the chemical for interaction to take place |
Created by:
camponel
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