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JYMS Watershed

Use these flashcards to study for your watershed unit.

QuestionAnswer
Erosion Wearing away of Earth's surface caused by runoff. This can be caused by wind or water.
Impervious Surfaces Hard surfaces like roads and parking lots that prevent water from infiltrating (soaking through) the ground.
Turbidity When water or sediment mixes into a stream or river causing it to become brown and muddy. We test this by using a tube to see how far we can see through the water.
Water Cycle The process where water is filtered and recycled.
Condensation The process in which vapor condenses or turns into liquid. This is how clouds form.
Evaporation Atoms ABSORB ENERGY and change water from a body of water into gas (vapor).
Precipitation When liquid in some form falls back to earth. The four forms are rain, snow, sleet, and hail.
Infiltration/Percolation The process when water seeps into the ground.
Surface Runoff The process of water draining from area and flowing over land because it didn't seep into the ground.
Point Source Pollution Pollution that is easy to identify and you can "point" right to the source, like a factory.
Nonpoint Source Pollution "People Pollution" that is difficult to find the source. You can't "point" to it, such as a stream covered in algae.
Watershed An area of land where water drains to a stream, river, lake or ocean.
Saturated Completely soaked. Can no longer hold more water.
Collection Occurs when water from precipitation collects in various places like puddles, streams or rivers.
Interception Precipitation that lands on leaves, tree trunks, or stems of plants before it hits the ground.
Aquifer Large area underground where groundwater is kept.
Groundwater Water that is underground.
pH This stands for potential of Hydrogen. 1 is extremely acidic, 14 is extremely basic, and 7 is neutral. Most plants and animals cannot survive when the pH is lower than 4 or higher than 11.
Macroinvertebrate Creature that has no backbone and is big enough to be seen without a microscope. These creatures are categorized into four groups by their sensitivity to pollution. By finding critters in groups one and two we can tell how polluted a water source is.
Dissolved Oxygen Measures the amount of oxygen the water is holding. Critters need oxygen in the water in order to breath.
Water Flow Rate/Velocity This measures how fast a stream flows and can give us important information about water levels. This can also explain the level of turbidity.
Industrial Land used for factories.
Residential Land used for houses and other dwellings.
Agricultural Land used for farming.
Transpiration Atoms ABSORB ENERGY and change water from vegetation (plants) into gas (vapor).
Acid Rain When pollution mixes with water vapor and then falls as precipitation.
Biotic Index This test looks at what macroinvertebrates are in the water.
Riffle Shallow water flowing over rocks
Run A deeper are of water that flows in a straight line without rocks sticking out.
Created by: marzellaolt
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