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Neurobiology Test 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| retina | the innermost layer of the eye that is sensitive to light and is capable of transmitting visual signals to central targets |
| choroid | largest component of the uveal tract which is a rich capillary bed (which nourishes the photoreceptors of the retina) |
| ciliary body | a ring of tissue that encircles the lens and consists of a muscular component and a vascular component.(muscular controls the refractive power of the lens, and the vascular component creates the fluid that fills the inside of the eye) |
| pupil | the opening in the center of the lens |
| sclera | the outermost tissue layer of the eye that is composed of a tough, white, fibrous tissue |
| cornea | opaque outer layer that permits light rays to enter the eye |
| anterior chamber | the chamber that lies just behind the cornea and in front of the lens |
| aqueous humor | the clear, watery liquid that supplies nutrients to the cornea and lens |
| posterior chamber | the region between the lens and the iris |
| vitreous humor | the thick, gelatinous substance that fills the space between the back of the lens and the surface of the retina is |
| accomodation | dynamic changes in the refractive power of the lens |
| ciliary muscle | the muscle surrounding the lens that stretches it thin and flat to view distant objects and makes the lens thick and round for near objects |
| zonule fibers | the radially connected zonule fibers that attach the ciliary muscles to the lens |
| optic disk | the area where blood vessels enter the eye and axons exit the eye |
| macula lutea | an oval spot in the retina which contains yellow pigment and is responsible for high visual acuity |
| fovea | the center of the macula which is responsible for the highest visual acuity --a small pit or depression |
| retinal pigment epithelium | a thin, melanin containing structure behind the retina which helps maintain the photoreceptors |
| photoreceptors | photoreceptors are the rods and cones responsible for receiving light stimulus and transporting it to the brain |
| bipolar cells | |
| ganglion cells | |
| horizontal cells | |
| amacrine cells | |
| rods | |
| optic disc | the circular region where axons exit the retina |
| optic nerves | formed by the larger axons of the ganglion cells |
| optic chiasm | where axons in the optic nerve run to |
| optic tract | past the optic chiasm, the ganglion cell axons form this |
| Dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus | where the ganglion axons feed into the brain after following the chiasmatic tract |
| primary visual cortex | the first place where individual cells receive multiple visual inputs; the first place of visual integration |
| striate cortex | the same thing as the primary visual cortex |
| retinogeniculostriate pathway | |
| pretectum | a collection of neurons that lies between the thalamus and the midbrain;; important for coordinating pupilary light reflex |
| papillary light reflex | the reduction in the diameter of the pupil that occurs when sufficient light falls on the retina |
| Edinger-Wesphal nucleus | where pretectal neurons project to--a small group of nerve cells that lies close to the nucleus of the oculomotor nerve; contains the preganglionic parasympathetic neurons that send their axons via the oculomotor nerve, which in turn constricts iris |
| Suprachiasmatic nucleus | |
| Superior colliculus | |
| Visual field | |
| Nasal | pertaining to the side closest to the nose |
| Temporal | pertaining to the side closest to the temples |
| Superior | pertaining to the higher side |
| Inferior | pertaining to the lower side |
| Point of fixation | the point on which the image is falling on your fovea; therefore, it is the most visually acute |
| Binocular field | having two eyes that creates a slight overlap in the visual field |
| macular sparing | when the central 5-10 degrees of the visual field is unaffected in a condition that otherwise affects the entire visual field |
| Retinotopic | relating to the organization of the visual pathways and visual area of the brain |
Created by:
berge
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