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Bio Lab Fin
Bio Lab Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Evolution | a population of organisms through successive generations; emergence of new species |
| Population | group of inter-breeding organisms of a particular species; consist of all members of the same species that live in one location |
| Allele Frequencies | the gene pool of a population |
| p2 | frequency of the homozygous dominant individuals (AA) |
| 2pq | frequency of the heterozygous individuals (Aa) |
| q2 | frequency of the homozygous recessive individuals (aa) |
| genetic equilibrium | when there has been no change; evolution does not exist |
| Biotic Factors | factors created by a living thing or any living component within an environment in which the action of the organism affects the life of another organism |
| Biotic Factor Examples | Predators Parasites Competitors Mates |
| Carrying Capacity | the maximum amount of living organism that inhabit a certain place; determined by the limiting factor(s) |
| Nitrogen Cycle | the process by which nitrogen is converted between its various chemical forms |
| Phosphorus Cycle | describes the movement of phosphorus through the atmosphere |
| Classification | groups organisms together based on shared characteristics |
| System | groups organisms based on the processes that caused the evolution of the characteristics |
| Phylogeny | the process by which species arise; the taxonomic system based on descent or evolutionary history |
| Taxonmy | the branch of systematics devoted the naming of organisms, uses a system of hierarchical classification to name organisms |
| Classifications: | Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species |
| Clade | a group that includes all organisms back to their common ancestors |
| What is the unit of evolution? | Generation |
| Moprphs | Investigates how mutation rate impacts the ability to predict specific genotype |
| polyphyletic | recent species but not their common ancestors |
| Heterozygote Advantage | describes the case in which the heterozygote genotype has a higher relative fitness than either the homozygote dominant or the homozygote recessive genotype. |
| Genetic Drift | a change in gene pool that occurs purely as a result of CHANCE; Often leads to loss of genetic variation |
| Natural Selection | under selection, individuals with advantageous or “adaptive” traits tend to be more successful than their peers reproductively—meaning they contribute more offspring to the succeeding generation than others (diversity must occur) |
| Density Independent | exponential growth – ABIOTIC – NONLIVING – the effects on the size or growth of the population does not change with population density |
| Density Dependent | logisitic growth – BIOTIC – LIVING – the effects on the size or growth of population vary with population density |
| Analogous Structures | perform the same or similar functions but are structurally different; Convergent evolution Structures in different species that look alike or perform similar functions but that have evolved independently |
| Homologous Structures | have the same or similar structure but perform different functions; Divergent evolution Shared by a set of related species because they have been inherited from their common ancestor |
| Archaea | Unicellular Lacking chlorophyll Multiply rapidly under favorable conditions Exploit a much greater variety of sources of energy than eukaryotes (ex. salt tolerant) Extreme environments Free living, few symbiotic relationships |
| 3 Domains | Bacteria Archaea Eukarya |
| Non Vascular (Gametophyte Dominant) | Phylum Chlorophyta – green algae Phylum Bryophyta – mosses Phylum Hepatophyta-liverworts Phylum Anthocerophyta – hornworts |
| Ecology | The study of how organisms interact with their environment |
| Seedless Vascular | Phylum Lycophyta – club mosses Phylum Sphenophyta – horsetails Phylum Pterophyta – ferns |
| Vascular with seeds | Phylum Coniferophyta – conifers Phylum Cycadophyta – conifers Phylum Ginkgophyta –gingko Phylum Gnetophyta-gnetae |
| Protista with pseudopodia | Phylum Rhizopoda Phylum Foraminifera Phylum Actinopoda |
| Protista with flagella | Phylum Zoomastigophora |
| Protista with cilia | Phylum Ciliophora |
| the study of the distribution and abundance of a given species in a specified area at a specified time |
Created by:
takota07
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