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8th Grade Botany
Final Exam Vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| plants that have the ability to make their own food | Autotroph |
| non-vascular plants | Bryophyte |
| plants that lack the ability to make their own food | Heterotroph |
| vascular plants | Tracheophyte |
| organisms with a network of veins to transport food/water and nutrients around | Vascular |
| scientific process of classifying | Taxonomy |
| when two or more independent organisms live together and each benefit from the other | Symbiosis |
| vascular, flower making plants; means seed container | Angiosperm |
| vascular, non-flowering plants; means uncovered seed | Gymnosperm |
| the sprouting of an embryo out of a seed | Germination |
| a period when the growth and activity of an organism stops | Dormant |
| the transfer of pollen from the male reproductive structures to the female reproductive structures in plants | Pollination |
| the joining of a sperm cell and egg cell | Fertilization |
| the growth response of a plant toward or away from a stimulus | Tropism |
| a change in an organism's surroundings that causes the organism to react | Stimulus |
| the process plants use to make food for themselves | Photosynthesis |
| the green pigment found in all green plants; needed to conduct photosynthesis | Chlorophyll |
| the process by which water is released from plants into the air | Transpiration |
| is made up of one thick main root growing downward | Taproot system |
| is made up of a series of roots growing in many different directions. This system is usually wider than it is deep. | Fibrous root system |
| stalk of the anther | Filament |
| the swollen base of the pistil | Ovary |
| the colorful part of a flower | Petal |
| sticky top of a flower | Stigma |
| all the female parts grouped together; sometimes called Carpel | Pistil |
| connects the stigma and ovary | Style |
| all the male plant structures of the flower grouped together | Stamen |
| part of the stamen that produces pollen | Anther |
| male reproductive cell of a plant (sperm) | Pollen Grain |
| movement of pollen from the anther of a plant to the pistil of a different plant | Cross pollination |
| movement of pollen from the anther of a plant to the pistil of the same plant | Self pollination |
| a tiny, non-living particle that enters and reproduces inside a living cell | Virus |
| a virus that infects bacteria. Actually means "bacteria eater". | Bacteriophage |
| organism that has been infected by a virus/bacteria and is used as a source of energy | Host |
| organism that lives on or in a host and causes harm to the host | Parasite |
| organism whose cells contain a nucleus | Eukaryote |
| organism whose cells lack a nucleus | Prokaryote |
| the basic unit of structure and function in an organism | Cell |
| a rigid structure that protects the cell | Cell Wall |
| semi-permeable structure that controls which materials pass into and out of the cell | Cell Membrane |
| the region inside the cell membrane containing a gel-like material | Cytoplasm |
| a plant structure in which photosynthesis occurs | Chloroplast |
| dense area of the cell that contains the chemical instructions that direct the cell's activities | Nucleus |
| chemical factory within the cytoplasm where proteins are produced | Ribosomes |
| long whip shaped structure that helps a cell move by spinning in place like a propeller | Flagellum |
| the structure in which the cell components are housed | Capsule |
Created by:
LiseBrinkley
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