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Nervous System AP

Nervous System and Nervous Tissue

QuestionAnswerQuestionAnswerQuestionAnswer
Sensory Input Sensory receptors to monitor changes occurring both inside and outside of the body Autonomic involuntary nervous system Visceral motor nerve fibers, Regulates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands and has two functional subdivisions which are sympathetic and parasympathetic Satellite cells Surround neuron cell bodies in the PNS
Motor efferent Transmits impulses from the CNS to effector organs Ependymal Cells Range in shape from squamous to columnar- May be ciliated - Line central cavities of brain and spinal column and sperate the CNS interstitial fluid from the cerebrospinal fluid in the cavities
Somatic (voluntary) nervous system conscious control of skeletal muscles Oligodendrocytes Branched cells - Processes wrap CNS interstitial fluid from the cerebrospinal fluid in the cavities
Integration Interpretation of sensory input Neuron excitable cells that transmit electrical signals Schwann cells (neurolemmocytes) Surrounds peripheral nerve fibers and from myelin sheaths - Vital to regeneration of damaged peripheral nerve fibers
Motor output Activation of effector organs (muscles and glands) produces a response Neuroglia supporting cells Neurons (Nerve cells) Long lived (100 years or more) - Amitotic (do not regenerate) - High metabolic rate (continuous supply of oxygen and glucose) - Plasma membrane functions in electrical signaling and cell to cell interactions during development
Somatic afferent fibers convey impluses from skin, skeletal muscles, and joints Astrocytes (CNS) MOST abundant, versatile, highly branched glial cells - Cling to neurons, synaptic endings, and capillaries - support/brace neurons - Help determine capillary permeability - Guide migration of young neurons - Control the chemical environment Cell body (Perikaryon or Soma) Biosynthetic center of a neuron - Spherical nucleus with nucleolus - Well developed Golgi apparatus - Rough ER called Nissl bodies (chromatophilic substance - color loving)
Visceral afferent fibers convey impulses from visceral organs Microglia Small, ovoid cells with thorny processes - Migrate towards injury neurons- Phagocytize microorganisms and neuronal debris Cell body (Perikaryon or Soma) Network of neurofibrils (neurofiliaments) - Axon hillock which is a cone shaped area from which axon arises - cluster of cell bodies are called
Created by: cholli12
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