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Endocrine drugs

QuestionAnswer
Propylthiouracil tox skin rash,agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, hepatotoxicity
methimazole tox teratogen, skin rash, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia
levothyroxine, triidothyronine tachycardia, heat intolerance, tremors, arryhthmias
GH use Turner's syndrome, gh deficiency
octreotide use acromegaly, carcinoid syndrome, gastrinoma,gucagonoma
oxytocin use stimulates labor, uterine contractions, milk let-down, controls uterine hemorrhage
ADH (desmopressin) use CENtrAL pituitary DI
demeclocycline use SIADH
rapid acting insulin lispro aspart
intermediate acting insulin NPH
long acting insulin glargine, detemir
MOA of insulin binds insulin receptor (Tyrosine kinase activity) liver: increases glucose stored as glycogen muscle: increases glycogen and protein synthesis, K+ uptake fat: aids TG storage
insulin tox hypoglycemia, hypersensitivity reaction
insulin use life threatening hyperkalemia, stress induced hyperglycemia, Type 1 and 2 DM, gestational diabetes
sulfonylureas tox disulfiram like effects (first generation) hypoglycemia (second generation)
first generation sulfonyureas tolbutamide chlorpropramide
second generation sulfonylureas glyburide glimepiride glipizide
MOA of sulfonylureas close K+ channel in beta cell membrane -> cell depolarizes -> triggering of insulin release via increased Ca influx
biguanide (metformin) decreased glucoconeogenesis, increased glycolysis, increased peripheral glucose uptake (insulin sensitivity)
can be used in patietns without islet function metformin
contraindicated in renal failure metformin
weight gain, edema, hepatotoxicity, heart failrue pioglitazone, rosiglitazone
glitazones/thiazolidinediones MOA increases insulin sensitivity in peripehral tissue binds to PPAR gamma nuclear transcription regulator
alpha glucosidase inhibitors acarbose, miglitol
inhibits intestinal brush border alpha glucosidases. Delayed sugar hydrolysis and glucose absorption -> decreased postprandial hyperglycemia acarbose, miglitol
pramlintide hypoglycemia, nausea, diarrhea
pramlintide MOA decreases glucagon
exenatide increases insulin, decreases glucagon release
pancreatitis exenatide
Created by: ilovemusic007
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