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Chapter 21

Urinary System

QuestionAnswer
What are the four functions of the urinary system? Regulation of ion levels in the blood, regulation of blood volume and blood pressure, regulation of blood pH, and production of hormones.
What is the difference in location of the renal cortex and the renal medulla? The renal cortex is the outer region of the kidney and the renal medulla is the inner region of the kidney.
Where is the glomerulus located, what is its function? They are located on the afferent arterioles and ultimately allow the waste to drain into the renal vein.
Where is the nephron located, what is its function? The nephron is located in the renal cortex of the kidney, it filters plasma and allows glomerular filtrate to pass through.
What are the functions of the afferent and the efferent tubules?
What is the function of the Bowman's Capsule? It filters the urine then passes it into the renal tubule.
What are the three functions of the nephron? Glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion.
What is glomerular filtrate? The first step in urine production, filters the urine.
What is the funtion of the proximal convoluted tubule? Reabsorbes the things that were filitered into the blood and secretes the other things into the urine.
What is the funtion of the loop of Henle? Create a concentration gradient in the medulla of the kidney.
What is the funtion of the distal convolute tubule? Reabsortions of some salts while it continues to retain water.
What is the common volume, color,and turbidity of urine? Volume is one to two liters, color is a yellow or amber color, and is transperent when freshly voided, but becomes turbid (cloudy) after a while.
Where are the ureters located, what is their funtion? They are located at the top of the urinary bladder but lead into the bladder, they transport urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder.
Where is the urinary bladder located, what is it's function? It is located in the pelvic cavity behind the pubic symphysis, it holds urine until released from the body.
Where is the urethra located, what is it's function? It is located on the floor of the urinary bladder all the way to the exterior of the body, it is a passageway for discharginf urine from the body, it is also a duct in which semen are ejaculated.
What is anuria? A daily urine output of less than 50ml.
What is oliguria? A daily urine output of 50ml and 250ml.
What is glimerular filtration rate? The amout of filtrate that forms in both kidneys every minute.
What is tubular secretion? The trasnfer of materials from the blood throught tubule cells and into tubular fluid.
What is glucosuria? When glucose remains in the urine.
What is polyuria? The excessive secretion of urine.
What is ADH? Antidiuretic hormone, the major hormone that regulates water reabsorption.
What is ANP? Atrial natriuretic peptide, one of the most imporant hormal regulators of ion reabsorption and secretion.
What is urinalysis? An analysis of the volume and physical, chemical, and microscopic properties of urine.
What is the sphincter? An opening to the urethra.
What is micturation? Urination,expelling urine from the body.
What is incontinence? The inability to prevent urination.
Created by: danielle.skoch
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