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Evolution Chap 15

Evolution

QuestionAnswer
Fitness Ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment
Evolution Change in a kind of organism over time; Process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms
Theory Well-tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations
Fossils Preserved remains or evidence of an ancient organism
Natural Variation Differences among individuals of a species
Artificial Selection Breeding certain traits that humans like
Struggle for Existence Competition among members of species for food, living space, and other necessities of life
Adaptation Any inherited characteristic that increases an organism's chance or survival
Survival of the Fittest Natural selection; When organism is best fitted to their environment so it can reproduce
Natural Selection "Survival of the Fittest"
Descent with Modification An organism has descended from some species at some time
Common Descent Common Ancestor
Homologous Structures Same evolutionary origin, different functions
Vestigal Organs Organ that serves no function in human; Useless to the human body Ex:Tailbone
How is artificial selection dependent on variation in nature? In artificial selection, nature provided the variation among different organisms, and humans selected those variations that they found useful
The theory of evolution by natural selection explains, in scientific terms, how living things evolve over time. What is being selected in this process Over time, natural selection results in changes in the inherited characteristics of a population. These changes increase a species fitness in its environment
What types of evidence did Darwin use to support his theory of change overtime? The geographical distribution, homologous Structures of living organisms, and similarities in early development
What is the struggle for existence? What animals need to do in order to survive
Who observed variations in the characteristics of animals and plants on the different islands? Charles Darwin
In addition to observing living organisms, Darwin studied the preserved remains of ancient organisms called? Fossils
Differences among individuals of a species are referred to as? Natural Variation
An inherited characteristic that increases an organism's ability to survive and reproduce is? Adaptation
The concept that each living species has descended with changes, from other species over time is referred to as? Descent with modification
Structures that have different mature forms but develop from the same embryonic tissue are ? Homologous Structures
Alfred Russel Wallace influenced Charles Darwin with an essay, soon after he published his book called? On the Origin of Species
Adaptations Physical(Blue feathers) or Complex Features(Speed)
What will happen if individuals aren't suited for their environment? Will die off or have very few offspring
Created by: ohjeezjess
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