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Astronomy
101
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How is the "Kepler" mission searching for earth-like planets? | transits |
| What is the surface temperature in degrees Fahrenheit on Saturn's moon titan | -290 |
| How Long does it take Jupiter to move through the zodiac constellation? | a year |
| How far away are meteors in miles? | 50 miles |
| The sun appears to be 30 minutes of arc across from earth. How big does it appear to be from Neptune in minutes of arc? The distance between Neptune and the sun is 30 Astronomical units | 1 |
| A comet's tail always points in which direction? | points away from the sun |
| The rotation period of Pluto and the orbital period of its moon, Charon are both 6.3 day. Why? | Tidal lock |
| You are on Pluto and see charon straight overhead. How long will it take to set? | never |
| Between which two planetary orbits are most asteroids found? | Mars and Jupiter |
| What causes meteors to shine? | air friction |
| What supplies the heat to drive volcanoes on Jupiter's moon, Io | tides |
| which moon in the solar system has a substantial atmosphere | Titan |
| Which planet was found by using Newton's theory of gravity | neptune |
| which solar system planet has the largest mass? | Jupiter |
| Name 4 planets that Voyager 2 photographed extensively | Jupiter Saturn Neptune Uranus |
| How many moons does Jupiter have? | 63 |
| What might be the effect of a 10km radius asteroid striking earth? | worldwide disaster |
| The semi-major axis of Halley's comet is 18 A.U. It was last seen in 1986. When will it return? | 2062 |
| Does Jupiter have a ring? | yes |
| How many extrasolar planets have been found orbiting stars? | 1600 |
| What kind of stellar motion does the doppler technique look for? | toward and away |
| What gas might indicate life on a planet? | oxygen |
| Which is larger on Saturn, equatorial or polar diameter? | equatorial |
| What has been found in 63 million year old layers of clay at several placed on earth that suggests that the impact of an asteroid may have caused the extinction of dinosaurs? | iridium |
| Is neptune frozen solid or does it have weather? | has high winds |
| how much larger is the diameter of jupiter than the earth | 11 times |
| is it possible to stand on the surface of jupiter | no |
| what causes gaps in saturn's rings? | periodic nudges from moons |
| What are neptune's moon triton geysers made of? | liquid nitrogen |
| What is the diameter in miles of the asteroid Ceres Giuseppe Piazzi discovered in 1801? | 600 |
| Why must a large part of Jupiter be able to conduct an electric current? | its magnetic field |
| Where does Saturn's moon titan orbit saturn? | beyond the rings |
| what element are both the sun and jupiter mostly made of | hydrogen |
| How can we tell from the naked-eye observations that Saturn is the most distant of the inner 5 planets? | moves more slowly through the stars |
| how many extrasolar planets have been found? | 250 |
| is it easier to detect a high or low mass extrasolar planet | high mass |
| if comets were made of solid iron rather than ice, would they have grow tails as they pass the sun | no |
| What diameter crater would a typical 50 meter diameter meteorite make if it hit the earth? | 1 mile |
| Where are liquid nitrogen geysers found? | neptune's moon triton |
| what happens to the volume of water when it freezes? | increases |
| in which planets may liquid metallic hydrogen give a magnetic field? | jupiter and saturn |
| what is the density of jupiter | 1.33g/cm3 |
| what is the density of water? | 1.0 g/cm3 |
| what is the density of iron? | 7.87g/cm3 |
| what is the shape of the orbit of jupiter around the sun | ellipse |
| can liquid metallic hydrogen conduct an electric current? | yes |
| why are there few craters on io or europa than callisto or ganymede | io's and Europas activity have covered old impacts and craters io-volcanoes europa- liquid water |
| why does the apparent angular diameter of jupiter change with time? | distance between earth and jupiter vary |
| which planets have rings that have been observed | jupiter saturn uranus neptune |
| what did galileo observe about jupiter that suggested that all objects in the solar system did not revolve around the earth? | jupiters moon orbited jupiter |
| what is the size of jupiters magnetosphere | 3 million km |
| why is IO denser than europa | Io is made of more rock |
| does jupiter have a ring | yes |
| what is the great red spot | storm |
| what is the rotation period of jupiter | .41 earth days or 9.93 hours |
| why has jupiter retained most of its original atmosphere | far from sun, colder, mass |
| what is responsible for jupiter's enormous magnetic field | liquid metallic hydrogen |
| on which moon of jupiter might there be liquid water | europa |
| what could keep the water from freezing | tidal heating |
| what comes out of IO's volcanoes | molten sulfur |
| is water ice common on the moons of jupiter | yes |
| can saturn's brightest moon be seen with an 8'' telescope | yes |
| what would happen to titan if it came inside Saturn's rings | would be torn apart |
| where does saturn's moon titan orbit saturn? | beyond the rings |
| which planet has the most obvious rings as viewed from the earth? | Saturn |
| a one cubic centimeter piece of Saturn's moon Enceladus is taken to earth and found to have a mass of one gram what is it made of? | water ice |
| what happens to a moon if it gets inside the roche limit | tear apart |
| are saturn's rings solid bands | no |
| which is denser saturn or water | water |
| how many moons does saturn have | 60 |
| name 4 planets the voyager 2 photographed | jupiter saturn neptune uranus |
| why can titan have an atmosphere while no other moon's in the solar system can | gas and farther from the sun |
| what are the clouds of titan made of | methane ethane |
| what is titan surface temperature | -180 C 93K |
| how big is titan versus our moon | twice as big |
| how long is saturns day | 11 hours long |
| which is denser 34F water or 30F ice | 30F ice |
| what allows saturn to emit more heat than it receives from the sun | planetary differentiation |
| what is the roche limit | closet a moon can approach without breaking apart |
| what is helium precipitation | helium condenses, forms a mist, rains down towards saturn interior |
| what generates heat inside saturn | helium precipitation (raining out) |
| what is the Cassini division | gaps in the rings created by a resonance with mimas |
| what may have caused the rings of saturn | ring material lies within the roche limit |
| when did the Cassini spacecraft arrive at saturn | 2004 |
| how was the location of neptune predicted in 1846 | based on uranus |
| will seasonal changes on uranus be more or less extreme than on earth? why? | more because earth is tilted much less than uranus |
| why did voyager cameras use longer exposures for neptune than jupiter | neptune was dimmer |
| does triton orbit around neptune in the same direction as neptune's rotation | no backwards |
| which planet is closet in size to neptune | uranus |
| where are liquid nitrogen geysers found | triton |
| what are neptune's moon triton geysers made of | nitrogen |
| what is unusual about the rotation of uranus | rotates on its side |
| does neptune's moon triton cause tides on neptune? | yes |
| what is responsible for the colors of uranus and neptune | methane gas |
| do uranus and neptune have magnetic fields | yes |
| is neptune frozen solid or does it have weather | weather |
| what is unique about miranda | shows tremendous tectonic features and few craters apparently underwent geological activity well after the heavy bombardment ended erasing its early craters |
| what are comets mostly made of | ice |
| what is a meteor shower radiant | point in the sky from which meteors appear to originate |
| on the night of december 13 50 meteors per hour should be visible from the geminid meteor shower. all the meteors will appear to come from the constellation gemini. why | appear to originate from gemini |
| what will these meteors be composed of | dust |
| what may have caused the extinction of the dinosaurss | lack of food |
| how have the best pgtographs of asteroids been obtained | a space probe called eros |
| what is the oort cloud | a spherical distribution of comets centered on the sun extending about 50,000 AU |
| what is different about apollo asteroids | actually cross earth's orbit |
| what causes meteor showers | comet dust sprinkled into an orbit |
| what is plutos density | 2.0 g/cm3 |
| does pluto ever come closer to the sun than neptune | yes |
| why is it so difficult to detect planets around other stars | size and distance |
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