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CMCMembranesSkin

Membranes and Skin

QuestionAnswer
Membranes: Functions (3) Cover body surfaces, Line body cavities, Form protective sheets around organs.
Cutaneous (skin): Cell Type Stratified squamous.
Cutaneous: Common Locations Skin/outermost.
Cutaneous: Functions Protection.
Mucous: Cell Type Stratified squamous, Simple columnar.
Mucous: Common Locations Mouth, esophagus, rest of digestive tract.
Mucous: Functions Lines body cavities, absorption, secretion.
Serous: Cell Type Simple squamous.
Serous: Common Locations Wall of ventral cavity, outside of organs, around lungs and heart.
Serous: Functions Lines body cavities closed to exterior of body.
Synovial: Cell Type Areolar.
Synovial: Common Locations Capsules of joints, organs (bones).
Synovial: Functions Secrete lubrication, cushion.
Integumentary System: Composed Of (5) Skin, sweat glands, Oil glands, Hair, Nails.
Integumentary System: Functions (8) Cover, Protect - Thermal, UV, bacteria and chemical, insulates, Cushions, Aids in excretion "sweat", Synthesizes Vitamin D, Contains sensory receptors, Repairs itself.
Epidermis: Composed Of Stratified squamous epithelium.
Five Layers Called Strata Statum basale (stratum germinativum), Stratum spinosum, Stratum granulosum, Stratum lucidum, Stratum corneum.
Stratum Basale Deepest layer of epidermis, Lies next to dermis, Cells undergoing mitosis. Daughter cells are pushed upward to become the more superficial layers.
Stratum Lucidum Formed from dead cells of the deeper strata, Occurs only in thick, hairless skin of the palms of hands and soles of feet.
Stratum Corneum Outermost layer of epidermis, Single-like dead cells are filled with keratin, Rubs off as "dandruff".
Keratin Protective protein prevents water loss from skin.
Epidermis: Characteristics It has no blood supply of its own. Most cells of epidermis are keratin.
Melanocytes Produce melanin, ranging form yellow to black.
Freckles and Moles When melanin is all in one spot.
Tanning Melanocytes form a pigment umbrella shielding DNA from UV rays.
Herpes Simplex Cods sores caused by a virus that erupts after sunbathing.
Cancer Caused when DNA is altered by UV rays.
Dermis: Composed of Dense connective tissue.
Papillary: Contains Dermal papillae, pain receptors, touch receptors, fingerprints.
Dermal Papillae Indent the epidermal layers and gives nutrients to epidermis.
Meissner's Corpuscles Touch receptors.
Reticular Deepest skin layer.
Reticular: Contains Blood vessels, sweat and oil gland, Pacinian corpuscles, collagen and elastic fibres.
Blood Vessels Maintain body temperature: Hot = lots of blood, cold = blood goes to core.
Pacinian Corpuscles Pressure receptors.
Collagen Fibres Give skin toughness.
Elastic Fibres Give skin elasticity.
Hypodermis: Composed of Fat (adipose tissue).
Hypodermis: Function Shock absorption, insulation.
Melanin Amount and kind determines skin colour.
Carotene Found in carrots and leafy green veggies.
Hemoglobin Amount of oxygen content determines red colour.
Cyanosis Blue colouring due to lack of oxygen.
Pallor/Blanching Pale skin.
Redness "Blushing", fever, allergy, inflammation.
Jaundice Yellowing of skin form liver disorder.
Bruises Blood clotting in masses called hematomas.
Exocrine Glands Release secretions to the surface.
Sebaceous Glands Oil glands.
Sebaceous Glands: Found All over body except palms and soles.
Sebaceous Glands: Produce Sebum.
Sebum Mixture of oil and skin fragments. Keeps skin soft and kills bacteria.
Acne Infection of sebaceous gland.
Blackhead Sebum oxidizes and dries.
Whitehead Gland is blocked by sebum.
Seborrhea Infant "acne" - pink raised lesions on scalp that eventually fall off as oily scales.
Sudoriferous Glands Sweat glands.
Eccrine Found all over body. Produce sweat and regulate body temperature.
Sweat: Composed of Water, salt, vitamin C, metabolic wastes, lactic acid.
Apocrine Found largely in armpit and genital areas.
Created by: UtauxIkuto
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