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Chapter 13 Study
stars and the sun
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| This is a unit of measuring distances of other stars and galaxies in our universe | light year |
| How are the distances to nearby stars measured? | parallax |
| What type of stars make up about 90 percent of the stars in space | main sequence stars |
| What does a low mass main sequence star become after it depletes the hydrogen in its core? | it becomes a giant |
| How does the Sun produce energy in its core? Explain the process. | energy produced in the core by fusion travels outward by radiation and convection |
| What type of galaxy has a shape similar to a football? | elliptical |
| spiral galaxy, may contain 1 trillion stars, about 100,000 light years wide | the Milky Way |
| What has been observed to support the Big Bang Theory of the formation and expansion of the universe? | red shift |
| What do we call a region so dense that nothing, including light, can escape its gravity field? | a black hole |
| What are dark, cooler areas on the Sun's surface called? | sunspots |
| What type of galaxies are the Clouds of Magellan that orbit the Milky Way? | irregular galaxies |
| how do CMES occur? | when large amounts of electronically charged gas are ejected suddenly from the corona |
| sometimes CMEs interfere with | radio and satellite |
| a group of stars, gas, and dust held together by gravity is called | galaxy |
| What are patterns of stars in the sky called? | constellations |
| true or false, constellations are the same distance from earth | false |
| Why are different constellations visible at different times of the year? | because of earth's orbit |
| What is the measure of the amount of the light energy given off by a star called? | the apparent magnitude |
| What is the apparent shift in the position of an object called when viewed from two locations? | parallax |
| how does a star begin? | when a cloud of gas, mostly made of hydrogen, becomes so dense through the force of gravity that the heat and pressure forces hydrogen atoms to fuse together to form helium. |
| how are prominences and flares on the Sun related to sunspots? | magnetic field |
| How long is the cycle of observed sunspots, prominences, and flares? | 11 years |
| What range of the H-R diagram is our Sun placed in because its temperature and absolute magnitude are average? | main sequence |
| How does an aurora borealis occur? | near earth's polar areas solar wind material can create light called an aurora |
| In what star system do two stars orbit each other? | binary system |
| Why can we not see the spiral shape of the Milky Way Galaxy? | because we're in it! |
| What does a red shift in the spectrum of the light coming from an object indicate about the movement of that object? | its moving away from you |
| what instrument does an astronomer use to find out what elements make up the stars? | spectroscope |
| What can the intense magnetic field associated with Sunspots cause? | solar flares or prominences |
| what are the three theories concerning the orgin of the universe? | steady state theory, oscillating model, and the big bang theory |
| explain the steady state theory | the universe has always existed just as it is now |
| explain the oscillating model | the universe expands and contracts repeatedly over time |
| explain the big bang theory | the universe started with an explosion that caused expansion everywhere at the same time |
| sequence the colors of stars by temperature. | white, blue, yellow, orange, red |
| sequence the evolution of a star | nebula, high mass main sequence star, supergiant, supernova, black hole/neutron star |
| How is the Sun different or unusual from other stars | sun is alone, not part of a cluster |
| How is the Sun similar to other stars | same in size to other stars, main sequence star |
| How far is our solar system from the center of the Milky Way Galaxy? | 26,000 light years |
Created by:
ohbobsaget
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