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Biology Vocab 6/7
Andy Loeser's Bio Vocab 6/7
| Word | Origin | Prefix/Meaning | Suffix/Meaning | Root/Meaning | Definition | Alternate Words |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| amino acids | American English | N/A | N/A | amine; acere/ | the basic building blocks of proteins | amino, acid, acids, acid rain |
| carbohydrate | Greek | carbo/denoting compound produced when certain substances combine with water | ate/forms a noun | hydor/ combine with water | Any of a group of organic compounds that includes sugars, starches, celluloses, and gums and serves as a major energy source in the diet of animals | carbohydrates, hydrate, hydration, hydroelectricity |
| enzyme | Greek | en/ensure, assure | N/A | zyme/leaven | any of various proteins, as pepsin, originating from living cells and capable of producing certain chemical changes in organic substances by catalytic action, as in digestion | ensure, entertain, enable, enact |
| lipid | Greek | N/A | ide/forms a noun | lipos/fat; grease | an oily organic compound insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents; essential structural component of living cells | lip, lipids, lips, pesticide |
| protein | German | N/A | N/A | protos/first | the plant or animal tissue rich in such molecules, considered as a food source supplying essential amino acids to the body | protest, proteins, promote, professional |
| nucleic acid | German | N/A | N/A | nuklein/substance obtained from a cell nucleus | any of a group of long, linear macromolecules, either DNA or various types of RNA, that carry genetic information directing all cellular functions: composed of linked nucleotides | acids, nucleic, acid, acid rain |
| metabolism | German | meta/higher; beyond | ism/forms a noun | acere/over; to throw | the sum of the physical and chemical processes in an organism by which its material substance is produced, maintained, and destroyed, and by which energy is made available | vegetarionism, mechanism, organism, patriotism |
| oragnelles | Latin | N/A | N/A | ballein/to adaptate; function | a differentiated structure within a cell, such as a mitochondrion, vacuole, or chloroplast, that performs a specific function | organ, organism, organization, organ system |
| prokaryote | Latin | pro/before | otes/forward | organum/function | an organism of the kingdom Prokaryotae, constituting the bacteria and cyanobacteria, characterized by the absence of a nuclear membrane and by DNA that is not organized into chromosomes | professional, progress, protect, eukaryote |
| eukaryote | Greek | eu/speaking | otes/forward | kary/nuclei | a single-celled or multicellular organism whose cells contain a distinct membrane-bound nucleus | eulogy, prokaryote, eunuch, euphoria |
| selective permeability | Greek/PIE | per/around, about, beyond | able;ity/forms a noun | meare/to go through | The ability of a substance to allow another substance to pass through it, especially the ability of a porous rock, sediment, or soil to transmit fluid through pores and cracks | selective, permeable, select, selection |
| chloroplast | Greek | chloros/pale green | N/A | phyllon/leaf | A plastid in the cells of green plants and green algae that contains chlorophylls and carotenoid pigments and creates glucose through photosynthesis | chlorophyll, chloroplasts, chlorine, chlorinity |
| mitochondria | Greek | mitos/thread | khondrion/little granule | chondros/cartilage | an organelle in the cytoplasm of cells that functions in energy production | mitochondrian, mitochondrial, mitochondrium, chondria |
| nucleus | PIE | N/A | N/A | nuc;nux/nut;kurnel | a specialized, usually spherical mass of protoplasm encased in a double membrane, and found in most living eukaryotic cells, directing their growth, metabolism, and reproduction, and functioning in the transmission of genic characters | nuclei, nucleal, nuclear, nucleic |
| ribosome | Latin | ribo/nucleic acid | some/body | N/A | A small, ball-like structure in the cell, made of proteins and RNA molecules, that serves as a platform on which the cell's proteins are made. | ribosomes, ribozyme, ribozymes, riboflavin |