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Earth Sci test water
Test next monday!
| Answer | |
|---|---|
| Unending pattern of circulation of Earth's water between oceans, the atmosphere and the ground. | the water cycle |
| What is the water cycle powered by? | The Sun's energy |
| What provides the link between oceans and land through precip and evap.? | Atmosphere |
| Infiltration | movement of water through land |
| Water is released into the atmosphere by plants | Transpiration |
| Streamflow | a stream's ability to erode and transport materials. |
| What does streamflow depend on? | Velocity |
| Velocity | distance water travels over a period of time |
| What factors determine velocity? | Gradient, Channel Characteristics, and Discharge |
| How is gradient expressed? | A vertical drop over water |
| Gradient have increased ______ as water flows downhill | Energy |
| What is the stream channel? | the course the water in a stream follows |
| Discharge | the volume of water flowing past a certain point in a given unit of time |
| Headwater | source of stream |
| mouth | the point downstream where the river empties into another body of water |
| Gradient does what as a river flows down stream? | Decreases |
| Discharge does what as river flows downstream? | Increases |
| Base level | lowest point that a stream can erode the channel |
| What do streams erode by? | abrasion, grinding, and dissolving |
| Dissolved load | erodes by dissolving rock |
| amount of dissolved load depends on what? | climate |
| amount of dissolved load expressed as | parts per million |
| suspended load | cloud of sediment |
| Bedload | particles too large to be carried as suspension |
| These particles move along bottom | Bedload particles |
| What is useful to bedload erosion? | Grinding |
| Competence | measurement of the largest particles a stream can carry |
| Competence increases with what? | Velocity |
| Maximum load a stream can carry | Capacity |
| Capacity increases with what? | Velocity |
| Total load when a large volume is flowing swiftly | Stream depostion |
| When velocity decreases, what happens to the ability to carry a load? | decreases |
| As a result of decreased velocity, what happens? | Stream load is deposited. |
| What are particles sorted by? | Size |
| accumulation of sediment where a stream meets a body of water | Delta |
| a stream is on a steep hill and flows into a plain | alluvial fan |
| Deposition of Delta | in water |
| Sediment of delta | mud |
| slope of delta | flat |
| Dep. of alluvial fam | on dry ground |
| sed. of alluvial fan | sand and gravel |
| slope of alluvial fan | steep downward slope |
| elevated landform that runs alongside streams and helps to confine it waters | natural levees |
| Where are course sediments deposited in a natural levee? | on the side |
| These increase amount of water to fill a channel without it flooding | Natural Levees |
| a stream's activity has been cutting downslope | narrow valley |
| A narrow valley would have the prescence of what? | rapids and waterfalls |
| Wide Valleys | stream approached base level |
| Which valley produces floodplain? | Wide |
| Which valley moves in a side to side pattern? | Wide |
| What season does flooding occur? | spring |
| What 3 ways can we control flooding | artificial levees, dams, and limiting development |
| lands in the area that contribute water to a stream | drainage basins |
| What does groundwater amount depend on? | steepness, nature of surface materials, intensity of rainfall, and type of vegetation |
| area where water fills in all open spaces | zone of saturation |
| Where is well water pumped? | below zone of saturation |
| upper surface of zone of saturation | water table |
| area above water table where soil is not saturated | zone of aeration |
| Where can water be pumped? | below water table |
| Amount of water that can be stored depends on what? | porosity |
| Percentage of a rock that is pore spaces | porosity |
| permeable rock layer that allows groundwater to move freely | Aquifer |
| An aquifer is like a | sponge |
| impermeable rock layers that don/t let water pass through | aquitard |
| A formation in which groundwater rises on its own under pressure | artesian wel |
| What is condition 1 that can form an artesian well? | aquifer is tilted and exposed |
| What is condition 2 that can form an artesian well? | aquitards on both sides |
| How is a spring formed? | aquifers block upward movement of water causing it to move sideways. when water in water table approaches surface, a spring is formed. |
| flow of water that emerges naturally at the surface | spring |
| groundwater heated then flows to surface | hot springs |
| geyser | a hot spring/fountain that shoots up |
| naturally formed underground chambers | caverns |
| stalactites | hang from ceiling |
| build up from floor | staalcmites |
| depression created when groundwater dissolves | sinkhole |
Created by:
abbyjc
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