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Geology and Fossils

HMS 8 Fossil Record

QuestionAnswer
Fossil Record ALL of the fossils that have existed throughout life’s history, whether they have been found or not.
Paleontology The study of life in the past. Paleontologists are people who study fossils and other types of evidence to learn about life in the past.
Body Fossil Body parts of organisms that become fossils, such as bones, teeth, skin, leaves and tree trunks.
Trace Fossil Evidence left by organisms, such as burrows, imprints, coprolites or footprints.
Scavenger An organism that feeds upon dead and dying organisms.
Decomposer An organism that breaks down the tissue and/or structures of dead organisms.
Abiotic/Physical Factors Non-living factors such as erosion, wind and sun exposure.
Molds Imprints left from something that was buried. The structure decays and its imprint or mold is left in the sediment. The mold can be seen if the rock is broken open.
Casts Formed when sediment leaks into a mold and hardens to form a copy of the original structure.
Mineralization Occurs when minerals carried in water build up in the spaces of an organism and eventually become rock.
Impressions Are the imprints left behind in the sediments by an organism.
Amber Hardened tree sap.
Tar Pit A pit that gets filled with tar.
Biological/Biotic Factors Living factors such as decomposers, scavengers and predators.
Igneous Produced when molten magma (lava) cools and solidifies.
Sedimentary Layers of small particles (sediment) compressed and cemented together.
Metamorphic Any type of rock changed by heat, pressure and chemical activity.
Uplift The process that causes part of the Earth’s crust to rise above surrounding areas. This can cause layers of rock to become exposed at the surface.
Erosion Weathering or wearing away of rock and earth (and any fossils they contain) caused by wind, sun and/or water.
Physical Geology Study what materials the Earth is made of and what materials are found on and beneath the Earth's surface.
Historical Geology Look at the formation and the evolution of Earth and life on Earth
Relative Dating Does not assign a date to rocks, puts things in sequential order.
Absolute Dating Does assign a specific date to rocks.
Deep Time Billions of years that break up the Earth's history
Geologic Record The history of the geology of the 4.6 billion years of the Earth's history.
Lithification formed into rock
Original Horizontality Sediments are deposited in horizontal layers, if a layer of rock is not horizontal than something happened to make the rock move.
Vertical Sedimentary Rock Tells us that something happened that was powerful enough to cause the rock to move.
Superposition The bottom layer of rock is the oldest and the rocks on top of it get younger the closer you move to the top.
Lateral Continuity Sediments are deposited initially in a layer that extends horizontally in all directions
Cross-Cutting Relationship An igneous rock that intrudes into a bed of existing rock in younger than the rock it cuts into.
Fossil Succession The oldest fossils should be in the bottom layers of sedimentary rocks since those layers are the oldest.
Created by: unc95kelly
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