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micro ch.20

QuestionAnswer
Chemotherapy: The use of drugs to treat a disease
Antimicrobial drugs: Interfere with the growth of microbes within a host
Antibiotic: A substance produced by a microbe that, in small amounts, inhibits another microbe
Selective toxicity: A drug that kills harmful microbes without damaging the host
Bactericidal Kill microbes directly
Bacteriostatic Prevent microbes from growing
Penicillin Natural penicillins -Semisynthetic -penicillins -Extended-spectrum penicillins
Cephalosporins First-generation: Narrow spectrum, gram-positive Second-generation: Extended spectrum includes gram-negative Third-generation: Includes pseudomonads; injected Fourth-generation: Oral
Polypeptide antibiotics Bacitracin *Topical application *Against gram-positives Vancomycin *Glycopeptide *Important "last line" against antibiotic-resistant S. aureus
Antimycobacterial antibiotics Isoniazid (INH) *Inhibits mycolic acid synthesis *Ethambutol Inhibits incorporation of mycolic acid
Aminoglycosides Streptomycin, neomycin, gentamycin *Broad spectrum _Changes shape of 30S subunit
Tetracyclines Broad spectrum Interferes with tRNA attachment
Rifamycin *Inhibits RNA synthesis *Antituberculosis
Quinolones and fluoroquinolones Nalidixic acid: Urinary infections Ciprofloxacin Inhibits DNA gyrase Urinary tract infections
Antifungal Drugs Azoles Miconazole Triazoles
Created by: jsmiron
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