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Stack #91931
Pathophysiology - respiratory review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 7 parts to respiratory system | start: nasal cavity, 2. pharynx (3 parts to it), 3.larynx (voicebox) 4. Trachea 5. Bronchi 6. bronchioles 7.Alveoli |
| 3 parts to pharynx: | naso pharynx, oral pharynx, laryngo-pharynx,. |
| Function of: nasal cavity | filters, warms and moistens air |
| Increases the surface area in the nasal cavity | 3 Concha bones |
| function of: nasopharynx | air pathway: soft pallet makes sure food doesn't get into it |
| function of: oral pharynx | food and air travel |
| function of laryngo-pharynx | connects to voicebox; epiglottis prevents food from entering |
| larynx is continual with the | trachea |
| The trachea stops superiorly to the esophagus at the | carina |
| trachea bifurcates to the | Bronchi |
| How many lobes and which side (lungs) | 3 on the right and 2 on the left (because of the heart) |
| How many bronchi and where do they go | right and left bronchi each will enter each lung |
| Tinier air passageways in the lungs | Bronchioles |
| Has a lot of smooth muscle bronchi or bronchioles | Bronchioles ; so they are able to expand and contract |
| constriction in your lungs, | concerns the bronchioles |
| millions of air sacs | alveoli |
| one cell layer thick | alveoli |
| easily collapse from moisture in the lungs | alveioli |
| the molecule produced to prevent the alveoli from collapsing | surfactant |
| where does gas exchange take place in the lungs | capillary network |
| Surround the alveoli and gas exchange occurs very quickly | capillaries |
| what are the gases in the exchange | oxygen and carbon dioxide |
| Explain law of diffusion | gas will travel from an area of greater concentration to lesser concentration until equal |
| oxygen pathway | nasal cavity,pharynx, larynx, trachea,bronchi,bronchioles, alveoli |
| carbon dioxide pathway | alveioli, bronchioles, bronchi,trachea, larynx, pharynx, nasal cavity |
| Blood flow from the right side of the heart is making its way into the | pulmonary capillary |
| Very little oxygen is here | capillary |
| A lot of oxygen is here | alveoli; diffuses into the capillary |
| diffusion processes until it is | equal |
| the only vein that is oxygenated | pulmonary vein |
| takes up the most room in the thoracic cavity except for media-stinum | lungs |
| where the heart and trachea is and the lungs surround it | media-stinum |
| what attaches the lungs to the diaphragm and rib cage | parietal pleura (the outer part) |
| what pleura are actually on the lungs | visceraol |
| the space between the pleura holds | serous fluid |
| four parts of respiration | breathing: inspiration and exhalation 2.external respiration (gas exchange in the lungs -alveoli) 3. internal respiration (takes place in every cell. 4.cellular respiration |
| equation of cellular respiration is | glucose+oxygen=ATP=carbon dioxide + H2O |
| atmospheric concentration of oxygen | 152mm (mercury) |
| Concentration of o2 in the alveoli | 105mm (mercury) |
| concentration of o2 in the pulmonary capillaries is | 40mm(mercury) |
| the value of co2 is directly related to | hydrogen ion concentration |
| the goal is to respire by | diffusion;not use energy to breathe |
| co2 can build in the tissue to about | 60mmhg |
| concentration of co2 in the pulmonary capillaries is | 47mm |
| concentration of co2 in the alveoli is | 35mm |
| if you have more hydrogen ions (CO2 buildup) ; you would be | acidic |
| If you become acidic , this would be a drop in your | pH balance |
| Boyle's Law | pressure and volume are inversely proportional. P1V1=P2V2 |
| P1V1=P2V2 | Boyle's Law |
| Find X if it = V2 using Boyle's Law P1=6,V1=5,P2 =10 | 6*5=10X, 30/10=10X/10, 3=X |
| According to Boyle's Law, if you increase the pressure you | decrease the volume |
| two main ways to change the volume in the thoracic cavity | using the diaphragm and the intercostal muscles |
| when you contract the diaphragm | it flattens |
| when the diaphragm contracts it increases_______and decreases _________so that _______goes in | increasing volume, decreases pressure, so that oxygen goes in |
| the intercostal spaces allows for | inhalation |
| inhalation increases ______and decreases _______ | increases volume, decreases pressure |
| the lungs are spongy _______tissue | connective |
Created by:
tamiboren
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