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Ap Psych Ch 12/13
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Psychopathology | Any patterns of emotions, behaviors, or thoughts inappropriate to the situation and leading to personal distress or the inability to achieve important goals |
| Delusions | False thoughts or beliefs |
| Hallucinations | Vivid sensory perceptions such as voices or visions |
| Medical model | Diseases of the mind; objective causes and require specific treatments |
| Social- Cognitive- Behavioral | A psychological alternative to the medical model that views psychological disorder through a combo of social, cognitive, and behavioral processes |
| DSM- IV | Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders; the most widely accepted classification system in the US. |
| Neurosis | Anxiety is core |
| Psychosis | Severe, loss of touch with reality |
| Mood Disorders | Person experiences extreme moods or disturbances in mood |
| Major Depression | Form of depression that does not alternate with mania |
| Seasonal Affective Disorder | Believed to be caused by a lack of sunlight (melatonin0 |
| Bipolar Disorder | Mental abnormality involving swings of mood from mania to depression |
| Anxiety Disorder | Intensive feelings of apprehension are long-standing and disruptive |
| GAD | Characterized by persistant and pervasive feelings of anxiety, without any external cause |
| Panic | Marked by panic attacks that have no connection to events in a persons present experience |
| Phobic | A group of anxiety disorders involving a pathological fear of a specific object or situation |
| Agoraphobia | Fear of being in a place where it may be difficult or embarrassing to get out of |
| Preparedness Hypothesis | An innate tendancy to respond quickly and automatically to stimuli that posed a survival threat to our ancestors |
| Somatoform Disorders | Symptoms of a physical disorder without a physical cause |
| Hypochondriasis | Preoccupation with the fear of having, or the idea that one has, a serious disease based on a misinterpretation of the body |
| Dissociative Disorders | Involves a sudden loss of memory or change in identity or consciousness |
| Dissociative Amnesia | A psychologically induced loss of memory |
| Dissociative Fugue | Dissociative amnesia with the addition of "flight" from one'shome, family, and job |
| Depersonalization Disorder | An abnormality involving the sensation that mind and body have separated- an "out of body" experience |
| Dissociative Identity Disorders | Condition in which the individual has 2+ distinct personalities along with disruption in memory |
| Anorexia | An eating disorder that involves persistent loss of appitite that endangers health and stems from emotional or psychological reasons rather than organic causes |
| Bulimia | An eating disorder characterized by eating binges followed by "purges" |
| Schizophrenia | Psychotic disorder involving distortions in perceptions, thoughts, and/or emotions |
| Diathesis- Stress Model | In reference to schizophrenia, the proposal that says that genetic factors place the individual at risk while environmental stress factors transform this potential into an actual schizophrenic disorder |
| Autism | A developmental disorder marked by disabilities in language, social interaction, and the ability to understand another persons state of mind |
| Dyslexia | A reading disability, thought by some experts to involve a brain disorder |
| ADHD | A developmental disability involving short attention span, distractability, and extreme difficulty in remaining inactive for any period |
| Insanity | A legal term, not a psychological or psychiatric one, referring to a person who is unable, because of a mental disorder or defect to conform his or her behavior to the law |
| Therapy | A general term for any treatment process |
| Psychological therapy | Therapies based on psychological principals (rather than on the biomedical approach) often called "psychotherapy" |
| Biomedical Therapy | Treatments that focus on altering the brain, especially with drugs, psychosurgery, or electroconvulsive therapy |
| Insight therapies | Psychotherapies in which the therapist helps others understand (gain insight) to their problems |
| Psychoanalysis | The form of psychodynamic therapy developed by Sigmund Freud. Goal is to release conflicts and memories from the unconscious |
| Analysis of Transference | The Freudian technique of analyzing and interpreting the patients relationship with the therapist based on the assumption that this relationship mirrors unresolved conflicts in the patients past |
| Neo- Freudian Psychodynamic Therapies | Therapies for mental disorders based on Freud's ideas |
| Humanistic Therapies | Focus on positive growth and self-actualization |
| Client- centered therapies | Emphasizes healthy psychological growth through self- actualization (Rogers) |
| Reflection of Feeling | Carl Rogers technique of paraphrasing the client's words, attempting to capture the emotional tone expressed |
Created by:
Uhniqua
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