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Animal Bio Lecture 1

Animal Biology

QuestionAnswer
Name the four kinds of tissue discussed Epithelial, Connective, Nervous, Muscle
What are the 5 types of connective tissue discussed? Loose, Fibrous, Cartilage, Blood, Bone
What are the two functions of loose connective tissue? Binds epithelium to tissue below, Suspends organs in body cavity
what are two examples of fibrous tissue? tendons, ligaments
Where can you find cartilage? trachea, ear, nose
What kind of connective tissue is bone? mineralized
What is the extracellular component of blood? plasma
What are the three types of muscle? Skeletal (striated), cardiac, smooth (visceral)
Which type of muscle is used for movement? skeletal (striated)
What do land animals have to overcome to move? inertia
What are the two things that all animals need in order to move? Contractile tissue, hard surface of skeleton against which the contractile tissue can work
Name the 3 types of skeletons exo, endo and hydrostatic
What creates the hard surface of a hydrostatic skeleton? compressed liquid
What are the two functions of the skeleton? support, shape, protection
what are muscles made up of (largest scale) muscle cells/fibers
what are muscle fibers made up of? myofibrils
what are sections of myofibrils called that create striation? sarcomeres
within each sarcomere, there are.... myofilaments
what are the two types of myofilaments? thin and thick (actin and myosin)
per thin filament, how many actin strands are there? two
what else does each thin filament have two strands of? regulatory proteins
what part of a thick filament weaves to create it? myosin tails
What is the name for the anchoring proteins that thin filaments are attached to at each end of the sarcomere? Z-lines
What is the protein called that anchors thick filaments in resting state? M-line
True or false: thin filaments get smaller as the muscle contracts false
what is it called when the thick filament head is in a bent state? Low energy configuration
What is the first ATP molecule used for in contraction? myosin head "sits up"
what usually covers the myosin binding sites on actin? regulatory protein
what binds the protein to get it off the binding site? calcium ions
what is formed by the binding of myosin to actin? cross bridge
what does the 2nd molecule of ATP do? breaks the cross bridge
how many heads does each thick filament have ? 350
Created by: an236641
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