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Stack #91674
Pathophysiology Urinary lecture notes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Two lobes of Pituitary gland | anterior/posterior lobes |
| How many hormones are secreted from Posterior lobe Pit 'gland. What are they? | Two:Oxytosin and ADH (anti-diuretic hormone) |
| Function of Oxytosin | Contract smooth muscle |
| Hyper/Hypo dysfunction of Oxytosin | None |
| Examples function Oxytosin | 'Females:labor pains, contract smooth muscle of uterus, Let down of milk for nursing (not production of milk) contracts smooth muscle of mammary glands |
| Function of ADH | Helps body re-absorb more water from kidney tubules (nephrons). specifically Loop of Henley. Can still reabsorb water at the distal |
| Disease of Hypo Secretion of ADH | Diabetes incipitous |
| Normal Urine Output | 1.5L - 2L |
| Diabetes Incipitous urine output | around 30L |
| How does ADH dysfunction affect kidneys? | There is nothing to tell the nephrons to reabsorb more water so it stays in the urine |
| Hypo Secretion of ADH symptoms/effects | Shock, very low blood pressure. Usually tumor on pituitary, if tumor removed, fluid goes back to normal |
| Hyper-secretion ADH | Decrease in urine output |
| ADH hypersecretion symptoms/effects | HTN |
| The anterior pituitary promotes | growth (mitosis). repair, general cell division |
| Children dysfunction of hyper secretion ADH | gigantism, epificial plate has not closed, excessive growth is in length |
| Hyper-secretion of ADH in adults: dysfunction is | Acromegoly |
| Acromegoly caused by | tumor in PosteriorPitutitary |
| Signs of Acromegoly | Thicker longer bones |
| Hypo-secretion ADH in children | Pituitary Dwarfism; if not caught early will cause MR (mental retardation) |
| Growth Hormone is a | protein, can be made in a lab. Children with pituitary dwarfism treated with growth hormone |
| Hormones secreted from Anterior Pituitary: 6 | Prolactin,4 tropic hormones (TSH,ACTH,LH,FSH), growth hormone |
| TSH | thyroid stimulating hormone: stimulates the secretion of thyroid hormones |
| ACTH | Adrenocorticotrophic hormone: acts on the adrenal cortex to promote the release of cortisol |
| LH and FSH | gonadotrophins which act on the ovaries and testes. Follicle Stimulating Hormone; LH stimulates production of estrogen and progesterone from the ovary. Males: FSH: stimulates sperm production; LH stimulates testosterone production by the testes. |
| LH | Luteinizing Hormone |
| FSH | Follicular Stimulating Hormone |
| Trophic hormones | act to stimulate secretion of hormone from the target gland and to maintain its function. High concentrations will cause the gland to enlarge. |
| Acts chiefly to cause milk production in the breasts | Prolactin |
| Growth hormone has | widespread effects, necessary for growth and metabolism throughout life |
| "the conductor of the endocrine orchestra" | Pituitary Gland |
| Pituitary gland lies under the | hypothalamus |
| Another name for ADH | Vasopressin |
| Oxytocin and ADH are produced | within nerve cells in the hypothalamus |
| Oxytocin and ADH are released | directly into the bloodstream. |
Created by:
tamiboren
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