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Ch 22 Science Vocab
Science Vocabulary Chap 22
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Is the passing of materials and energy from 1 organism to another | food chain |
| food chains end with this, are usually bacteria or fungi that break down the remains of dead organisms and return this material to the soil | decomposer |
| a method of illustrating the interrelationships between food chains in an ecosystem | food web |
| used by ecologists to illustrate energy relationships in a food chain/it is divided into layers, each one represents a different type of organism in the food chain | ecological pyramids |
| are organisms that eat plants | herbivores |
| animals that eat other animals | carnivores |
| is a very small organism, it obtains its energy and materials from the host (ex. fleas and ticks) | parasite |
| the dried mass of the living matter in a given area of the habitat | biomass |
| organisms that eat plants and animals | omnivores |
| an animal that feeds on other animals | predator |
| the animal that the predator eats | prey |
| is one that exists without the aid of other members of the same species | independent organism |
| forms when a number of animals from the same species live together (ex. school of fish) | animal society |
| an insect that lives in a colony; the colony usually exhibits some division of labor (ex. ants, termites, wasps and bees) | social insects |
| is the struggle between organisms for some essential factor that is in short supply in the environment | competition |
| a relationship between 2 populations that benefits one and does not hurt or help the other | commensalism |
| the animals that eat dead or decaying bodies | scavengers |
| are plants that usually grow on the branches of trees but do not take nourishment from the trees | epiphytes |
| a relationship between two populations that is beneficial to both | mutualism |
| How does the original energy enter most ecosystems? | Plants and algae receive sunlight |
| What is the smallest number of species that can be present in a food chain that includes a carnivore? | three |
| What type of organism eats only plants? | herbivore |
| Why is it a disadvantage for a parasite to kill its host? | Parasites live off of their hosts - it obtains energy and materials from it's host. |
| What type of organism eats both plants and animals? | omnivore |
| Give an example of an independent organism. | spiders |
| Give an example of an animal that mates for life. | wolves, termites, bald eagles |
| Give an example of a social insect other than bees. | ants |
| What do schools, flocks, herds, and prides have in common? | They are all animal societies |
| What type of relationship between species is beneficial to both? | Predator-prey relationship |
| What kind of relationship does a lichen illustrate? | parasite-host relationship |
| Does camouflage always consist of drab colors? Explain. | No b/c the camouflage has to be a bright color to blend in with what could be a bright landscape. |
| Which of these are most often decomposer organisms? A. protozoans and algae B. insects and crustaceans C. birds and mammals D. fungi and bacteria | D. fungi and bacteria |
| Which one of these would be highest on an ecological pyramid? A. Carnivore B. producer C. herbivore D. prey | A. Carnivore |
| True or False. Some predators may also become prey for other predators. | True |
| Which of these is NOT a social insect? A. ant B. fruit fly C. termite D. wasp | B. fruit fly |
| True or False. Competition occurs between populations of different species, but not within a population of the same species. | False |
| The relationship between a wolf and a magpie, which picks the meat off the bones of a deer after a wolf has eaten its fill, is best described as... A. mutualism B. competition C. commensalism D. parasitism | C. commensalism |
| In the above example, the magpie would be considered a ... A. scavenger B. parasite C. host D. partner | A. scavenger |
| Epiphytes are ___________________. | plants that depend on other plants |
| Which of these is an example of obligatory mutualism? A. lions and vultures B. ants and aphids C. bromeliads and salamanders D. termites and digestive protozoans | D. termites and digestive protozoans |
| A colorful poison dart frog is a good example of _______________. | warning coloration |
Created by:
bgpalmers
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