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_ES_SOL_FACTS
!"FC_ES_SOL_FACTS
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The same substance always has the same ________________ | density |
| As pressure increases, density _________________ | increases |
| As temperature increases, density ______________ | decreases |
| Water ____________ when it freezes. | expands |
| Most changes in the environment are _____________ | cyclic |
| Water is _________________ at 4 degrees C, when it is a liquid. | the most dense |
| The true shape of the earth is an _______________ __________________ | OBLATE SPHEROID |
| The best model of the earth's shape is (looks like) a ____________ | sphere |
| The altitude of Polaris equals your ____________________ | latitude |
| Latitude lines go ___________ - __________, but measure how far above or below the _____________ | east-west, equator |
| __________________ lines go north-south. | Longitude |
| Longitude (and also time) is based on observations of the _________ | sun |
| The closer __________________ (contour-isobar-isotherm) are, the steeper the slope or gradient. | isolines |
| The earth rotates west to east- _____________________ as seen from N. Pole (in 24 hours). | counterclockwise |
| The earth revolves counterclockwise ________________ | (365¼ days) |
| All celestial objects APPEAR to move to the __________________ | west |
| The moon has phases because of the ________________________________________ (Remember though: half of it is always lit). | angle at which we view its surface |
| Planets APPEAR to go backwards also called __________________ as the earth passes them in space. | retrograde |
| The _____________ ______________ occurs on June 21 - 16 hours daylight - sun rises north of east-vertical ray on 23½ North, Tropic of Cancer. | summer solstice |
| The _____________ ______________ occurs on December 21 - 8 hours daylight - sun rises south of east-vertical ray on 23½ South, Tropic of Capricorn. | winter solstice |
| Equinoxes - ____________ - March 21, _____________ - September 23, 12 hours daylight, sun rises due east, vertical ray on equator. | Vernal, Autumnal |
| Equator always has ____ ________ of daylight. | 12 hours |
| The lower the altitude of the sun, the longer _______________ it casts. | shadows |
| There are two evidences that the earth rotates: 1. ______ __________: appears to change its direction of swing. 2. _____ _______: deflects to the right in the N. hemisphere. | FOUCAULT'S PENDULUM, CORIOLIS EFFECT |
| Earth is closer to the sun in ________ | winter |
| The closer a planet is to the sun, _________________ | the faster it's orbit |
| GEOCENTRIC: _________ __________ ___________ | Earth Centered Universe |
| HELIOCENTRIC: __________ ____________ | Sun Centered Universe |
| Black _________ / white _________ | absorbs, reflects |
| _______________: heat transfer from molecule to molecule through collisions. | Conduction |
| _______________: heat transfer through fluids (gases, liquids) due to density differences. | Convection |
| Hot _______, cold _______ (air, water, etc...) | rises, sinks |
| ____________: heat transfer through space (vacuum) ex. light. | Radiation |
| Energy moves from source to sink, high to low. | ? |
| ___________ energy: energy of motion, increases with velocity. | Kinetic |
| ______________ energy: stored or at rest, increases with height. | Potential |
| There is _____ temperature change at a phase change. | NO |
| Infrared has a ___________ wavelength. | long |
| Carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor ____________ infrared radiation. | absorb |
| Good absorbers of radiation are good ________ . | radiators |
| Hottest part of the year is _____________ (after June 21- time lag). | July and August |
| Hottest part of the day is _____________ (after 12 noon- time lag). | 1 - 3 |
| As temperature increases, air pressure ____________ : hot air rises. | decreases |
| As moisture content increases, air pressure decreases: ______________________________ | hot air rises |
| Air pressure decreases with ____________ | altitude |
| Highs are cool and ______ ; Lows are warm and ______. | dry, wet |
| Wind is due to air pressure ______________ and wind blows from ______________________ | differences, high to low pressure |
| Wind is named for the direction ________ | it is coming from |
| Highs are regions of divergence and move ______ | clockwise |
| Lows are regions of convergence and move _________ | counterclockwise |
| The closer the air temperature is to the dew point temperature, the greater the chance of _______________ | precipitation |
| Weather moves from __________ to _____________ | west, east |
| ______ __________ moves in quickly, creates most severe storms | cold front |
| ______ _______ moves in slowly creates gentle rains | warm front |
| An ______ __________ is when a cold and warm front come together moving in the same direction. Can create cyclonic weather. | occluded front |
| Cold fronts move the ___________ | fastest |
| Porosity (the amount of holes); it ____________ ____________ depend on particle size. | DOES NOT |
| _________________ (connection of holes); as particle size increases, ___________________ increases. | Permeability, permeability |
| Capillarity (movement of water upward); is highest in _________________________ | smallest particles |
| Ep (potential evapotranspiration- "strength of the sun") depends on _____________ | temperature |
| Water is stubborn- it is the hardest thing to ______________________ | heat up and cool down |
| Frost action works best where temperatures ______________________________ | fluctuate above & below freezing |
| Chemical weathering favors _________________ | warm wet climates |
| Continental drift: _______ on opposite shores, puzzle fit of ___________, tropical fossils in _______ climates | fossils, continents, cold |
| Evaporation happens faster on ____________________________ | large surface areas |
| Water bodies moderate ____________ | temperature |
| Air cools as it _____________ | rises |
| _____________ effect (Adiabatic changes)- Mountain barrier | Orographic |
| ______________ is behind all erosion. | gravity |
| Streams are the number one agent of __________ | erosion |
| Stream velocity depends on __________________________ (amount of water in the stream). | slope and discharge |
| Velocity is faster on the _____________ of meander bend. | outside |
| Heavy-dense-round particles settle out ___________ in water. | first |
| Vertical sorting is also called ____________ ___________ biggest sediments on the bottom. | graded bedding |
| _____________ sediments are unsorted, scratched, U-shaped valley. | Glacial |
| Stream deposits are ___________, round and smooth, ___-___________ _____________ | sorted, V-shaped valley |
| _____________ rocks - strata = flat layers. | Sedimentary |
| _____________ rocks: cool fast - small crystals ; cool slow - large crystals | Igneous |
| _______________ rocks: show banding-distorted structure (foliations) | Metamorphic |
| Mineral properties depend on internal arrangement of ___________ | atoms |
| Silicon - oxygen tetrahedron: basic unit | |
| ______________: earth's crust in equilibrium | Isostasy |
| Mid-ocean ridges: crust is _____________ | created |
| Trenches: crust is ________________ | destroyed |
| ____-__________ are phastest, phirst, push-pull, pass through everything. | P-waves |
| ____-_____________, slower, secondary, shake, solids only. | S-waves |
| You need _____ seismometer stations to locate an _________________ | 3, epicenter |
| Undisturbed strata: bottom layer is ____________ | oldest |
| _______________ and _____________ are younger than the rock they are in | Intrusions, faults |
| __________________: buried erosional surface | Unconformity |
| Arid landscape: ________ _____________ | steep slopes |
| Humid landscape: ____________ , ________________ ______________ | smooth, rounded slopes |
| __________________ dates old rocks. | Uranium 238 |
| __________________ dates recent, once living objects. | Carbon 14 |
| Convection currents in the mantle ___________________________ . | move the plates |
| _______________ time is divided into eons, eras, periods, and epochs. | Geologic |
| The physiographic provinces of Virginia are the ___________________________ (all 5) | Coastal Plain, the Piedmont, the Blue Ridge, the Valley and Ridge, and the Appalachian Plateau. |
Created by:
tbfreema
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