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Pharm 35
antihyperlipidemic drugs
Question | Answer |
---|---|
HMG-CoA reductase Inhibitors: Action | inhibits the manufacture of cholesterol or promotes the breakdown of cholesterol |
HMG-CoA reductase Inhibitors: Adverse reaction | Headache, insomnia, photosensitivity, constipation |
HMG-CoA reductase Inhibitors: contraindication | with serious liver disorders |
Who are at risk for myopathy? | patients taking cyclosporine, Asian patients, and patients with severe renal insufficiency |
HMG-CoA reductase Inhibitors interaction with macrolides, erythromycin, clarithromycin | increased risk of severe myopathy or rhabdomyolysis |
HMG-CoA reductase Inhibitors interaction with Amiodarone | increased risk for myopathy and for severe myopathy or rhabdomyolysis |
HMG-CoA reductase Inhibitors interaction with Niacin | increased risk for severe myopathy or rhabdomyolysis |
HMG-CoA reductase Inhibitors interaction with Protease inhibitors | elevated plasma levels of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors |
HMG-CoA reductase Inhibitors interaction with Verapamil | increased risk for myopathy |
HMG-CoA reductase Inhibitors interaction with Warfarin | increased anticoagulant effect |
Bile | manufactured and secreted by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, emulsifies fat and lipids as these products pass through the intestine |
Cholestyramine powder preparation | mixed in 2 to 6 fluid ounces of water or noncarbonated beverage and shaken vigorously; can be mixed with highly fluid soups or pulpy fruits |
Colestipol granules | must be mixed in liquids, soup, cereals, carbonated beverages, or pulpy fruits; 90 mL of liquid and stir slowly, granules will not dissolve, rinse glass with water and drink all med |
Colestipol tablets | swallow whole, one at a time, with a full glass of water or other fluid; not chewed, cut or crushed |
Bile Acid Resin precautions | sipping or holding the liquid preparations in the mouth can cause tooth discoloration or enamel decay |
Bile Acid Resin side effects | constipation, nausea, abdominal pain, and distention; may subside with continued therapy |
Bile Acid Sequestrants:Adverse Reactions | Aggravation of hemorrhoids; flatulence; nausea; vitamin K malabsorption |
Bile Acid Sequestrants: Precautions | with liver disease and kidney disease |
Bile Acid Sequestrants interaction with Anticoagulants | Decreased effect of the anticoagulant (cholestyramine) |
Bile Acid Sequestrants interaction with Thyroid hormone | Loss of efficacy of thyroid; also hypothyroidism (particularly with cholestyramine) |
Bile Acid Sequestrants interaction with Ursodiol | Reduced absorption of ursodiol (particularly cholestyramine and colestipol) |
Bile Acid Sequestrants interaction with Aspirin, clindamycin, penicillin G, tetracycline, clofibrate, niacin, digitalis glycosides | decresed serum level or decreased GI absorption |
Bile Acid Sequestrants interaction with Furosemide, thiazide diuretics, hydrocortisone, methyldopa propranolol, phenytoin | decresed serum level or decreased GI absorption |
Fibric Acid Derivatives: Action | increases escretion of cholesterol in the feces; reduces the production of triglycerides |
Fibric Acid Derivatives: Adverse Reactions | observe caution while driving |
Fibric Acid derivatives: Contraindications | in patients with significant hepatic or renal dysfunction or primary biliary cirrhosis |
Miscellaneous Antihyperlipidemic Drugs: Action | Ezetimibe inhibits absorption of cholesterol |
Miscellaneous Antihyperlipidemic Drugs: Adverse Reactions | severe generalized flushing of the skin, sensation of warmth, severe itching or tingling |
Nursing preadministration assessment of a patient receiving an antihyperlipidemic drug | take a dietary history; vital signs; weight |
Nursing ongoing assessment of a patient receiving an antihyperlipidemic drug | glucose and vital signs |
Nursing process: Implementation for Constipation | increase fluid intake, eat foods high in dietary fiber, exercise daily, may need to add a stool softener |
When should statins be taken? | evening |