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NURS 572 Pharm 36
Pharm Ch 36 CNS stimulants, ADHD
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| general action of CNS stimulants | increase CNS neurons non-specifically --> global CNS stimulation whereas antidepressants elevate mood WITHOUT CNS global stim |
| Classes of drugs that treat ADHD | ampethamines, amphetamine-like, non-stimulant agent |
| other classes used to treat ADHD | TCAs, atypical antidepressant - these agents block reuptake of NOR, so have lesser CNS SEs than stimulants |
| What are desired CNS effects of stimulants | wakeful/alert/elevate mood reduce fatigue, increase self confidence |
| what is MOA of CNS stimulants | promote release of Dopa/Nor. Lesser action in blocking reuptake of Dopa/Nor. |
| why do CNS stimulants have huge potential for abuse | strong euphoria combined with tolerance that develops |
| SEs related to NOR release/action | increased HR, force, AV conduction --> MI, intracranial bleed, HTN, dysrhth, angina (weight loss) |
| SEs related to Dopa release/action | psychosis, hallucinations, delusions, paranoia |
| Name 3 CNS stimulants available in short/int/long acting formulas | amphetamine, dextro-amphetamine, meth-amphetamine |
| name a CNS stimulant ONLY available in long-action formula | lisdex-amphetamine |
| name a drug that has similar MOA of amphetamine in that it helps release Dopa/Nor | methylphenidate |
| methylphenidate routes of admin | oral (short, int, long) and now transdermal patch that lasts 9 hours with residual effect 3 hours after removal |
| what is a NON-stimulant indicated for ADHD | atomoxetine |
| MOA atomoxetine | selective reuptake inhibitor of Nor |
| who is atomoxetine indicated for | slow onset, favored for adults. limited studies on kids |
| What are SEs of atomoxetine | same as stimulant, but to lesser effect bwo MOA (n/v/somnolence, sleep diff, diz, mood swings, dec appetite, wt loss, growth retardation, inc bp/hr |
| what other agens are used for ADHD | TCAs, atypical buproprione |
| which drug has lowest CNS SEs | atomoxetine |
| what is MOA of atomoxetine | selective reuptake inhibitor Nor |