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DIT Renal A/P HYQ
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| reabsorbs 67% of the fluid and electrolytes filtered by the glomerulus | Proximal Convoluted Tubule |
| Segment responsible for concentrating urine | collecting duct |
| site of secretion of organic anions and cations | proximal tubule |
| always impermeable to water | thick ascending limb of LOH |
| permeable to water only in the presence of ADH | collecting duct/ late distal tubule |
| site of the Na/2Cl/K co transporter | thick ascending limb of LOH |
| site of isotonic fluid reabsorption | proximal convoluted tubule |
| site responsible for diluting urine | thick ascending limb of LOH |
| only site where glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed | proximal convoluted tubule |
| water reabsorption in the loop of henle | thin descending limb of LOH |
| what class of drugs inhibits the Na/2CL/K symporter in the thick ascending limb? | loop diuretics |
| what determines how much water is reabsorbed in the distal tubules and the collecting ducts? | ADH |
| what two types of cells compose the collecting duct and the last segment of the distal tubule? | principle cells and intercalated cells |
| What are the two types of intercalated cells | H+ secreting, HCO3 secreting |
| what class of diuretic directly affects principle cells | potassium sparing diuretics |
| what affect does aldosterone have on intercalated cells? | stimulates acid secretion |
| what affect does aldosterone have on principle cells? | increased sodium reabsorption and increased potassium secretion |
| what drug antagonizes aldosterone's action on the principle cells of the CD therby promoting Na excretion and inhibiting K excretion? | (aldosterone antagonists) spironalactone, eplerenone |
| what renders the DT and CD impermeable to water? | the absence of ADH |
| K+ shifts OUT of cells = | HYPERkalemia |
| K+ shifts INTO cells = | HYPOkalemia |
| causes K+ shift out of cells (HYPERk) | low insulin, beta blockers, acidosis, digoxin, cell lysis |
| causes K+ shift into cells (HYPOk) | insulin, beta agonists, alkalosis, cell creation/proliferation |
| How does acidosis affect extracellular K concentrations | increased |
| HOw does alkalosis affect extracellular K concentrations | decreased |
| What drug used to treat candidiasis would cause cyclosporin toxicity? | ketoconazole |
| How do you adjust digoxin for a patient with renal insufficiency? | decrease the dose |
| How do you adjust digitoxin for a patient with renal insufficiency? | you don't, it isn't renally excreted |
| What effect will a renal stone that obstructs the ureter have on GFR and FF? | decreased GFR, decreased FF |
| what is the maximal serum glucose concentration at which glucose can be absorbed in the tubules? | 350 mg/dL |
| What change in a basic metabolic panel might you expect in a young pt being treated for status asthmaticus? | hypokalemia d2 beta agonist use |
| increased anion gap acidosis causes | MUD PILES |
| A pt taking lisinopril gets a cough. What should you switch him to? | ARB |
| A pt with HF exacerbation needs diuresis but has a sulfa allergy. What do you use? | Ethacrynic acid |
| At pt has HTN, hypokealemia, met alkalosis and low renin. Dx and Tx | Conn's, spironalactone |
Created by:
kayjames
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