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AQA B2 BIOLOGY (SVS)
SVS severn vale docshort
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Active Site | The location where a substrate binds to an enzyme |
| Active Transport | Uses energy to transport substances against a concentration gradient |
| Aerobic | Uses Oxygen |
| Allele | Different form of the same gene |
| Biomass | Amount of biological material |
| Carnivore | Meat-eater |
| Catalyst | Speeds up reactions |
| Cellulose | The chemical cell walls are made from |
| Chlorophyll | Green pigment in chloroplasts |
| Chloroplast | Where photosynthesis happens |
| Chromosome | A section of DNA |
| Combustion | The process of burning |
| Consumer | Something that eats something else |
| Cytoplasm | Jelly-like substance in cells. Where reactions happen |
| Decay | To break down into smaller parts |
| Decomposer | Micro-organisms that break down material into simple molecules |
| Denature | Protein structure of enzyme broken down so enzyme cannot work |
| Detritus | Waste material |
| Diabetes | A condition where your blood glucose level is hard to maintain |
| Differentiated | A cell that has become specialised for a particular role |
| Diffusion | When particles move from a high to a low concentration |
| Digestion | The breaking down of food into smaller soluble molecules |
| Dominant | Characteristic that shows up in offspring even if 1 allele is present |
| Emulsify | Break down large droplets (e.g. fats and oils) into smaller ones |
| Enzyme | Biological catalysts |
| Epidermis | The top and bottom layer on leaves |
| Fertilisation | When a male and female gamete join |
| Gene | The unit of inheritance (part of a chromosome) |
| Glucagon | Hormone that converts glycogen to glucose in the Liver |
| Glycogen | Carbohydrate store |
| Herbivore | Only eats plants |
| Homeostasis | The balance of internal conditions |
| Inheritance | How we get some features from our parents |
| Insoluble | Does not dissolve |
| Insulin | Hormone that controls the removal of glucose from your blood |
| Iodine | used to test for Starch (goes blue/black if starch is there) |
| Limiting Factor | A factor that will prevent the rate of photosynthesis being the highest possible |
| Lipids | Fats and OIls |
| Magnesium | Needed by plants to make chlorophyll |
| Meiosis | 2 stage Sexual cell division. Forms 4 daughter cells with half number of chromosomes |
| Mendel | Performed experiments with Peas. Came up with the idea of dominant and recessive |
| Mitochondria | The site of aerobic respiration (energy released) |
| Mitosis | Asexual cell division forming 2 identical daughter cells |
| Nitrates | Needed by plants to make proteins |
| Osmosis | Movement of WATER from a high to a low concentration across a partially permeable membrane |
| Palisade Cell | Long thin cell in Leaves |
| Pancreas | Organ that releases 2 hormones, Glucagon and Insulin, Glucagon and Insulin |
| Phloem | Living ‘Tubes’ that transport sugars around the plant |
| Photosynthesis | Process that converts light energy, CO2, and water into Glucose and Oxygen |
| Producer | A green plant |
| Pyramid of biomass | Shows how the amount of biological material decreases as you move up a food chain |
| Recessive | Characteristic only shows up in offspring if BOTH alleles are present |
| Respiration | Process that uses glucose and oxygen to form CO2, Water and releases energy |
| Ribosome | Where proteins are made in cells |
| Soluble | Will dissolve |
| Starch | Plants store glucose in this form |
| Stem Cell | A cell that has not become specialised |
| Stomata | The ‘holes’ or ‘valves’ in leaves that allow gases to enter and leave |
| Thermoregulatory Centre | Part of the brain that controls response to changing temperature |
| Urea | Produced by the Liver due to the breakdown of excess amino acids |
| Vacuole | Gives cell support. Provides a storage area for plants (e.g Starch) |
| Xylem | Non-living ‘tubes’ that transport water and dissolved minerals around plants |
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