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vocab 16 kate hill
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Geocentric | Having or representing the earth as the center, as in former astronomical systems |
| heliocentric | Having or representing the sun as the center |
| ellipse | A regular oval shape, traced by a point moving in a plane so that the sum of its distances from two other points (the foci) is constant, or resulting when a cone is cut by an oblique plane that does not intersect the base |
| moon | The natural satellite of the earth, visible (chiefly at night) by reflected light from the sun |
| core | The dense central region of a planet, esp. the nickel–iron inner part of the earth |
| nuclear fusion | A nuclear reaction in which atomic nuclei of low atomic number fuse to form a heavier nucleus with the release of energy |
| radiation zone | The radiation zone or radiative zone is a layer of a star's interior where energy is primarily transported toward the exterior by means of radiative diffusion |
| Convection zone | A region of turbulent plasma between a star's core and its visible photosphere at the surface, through which energy is transferred by convection |
| Photosphere | The luminous envelope of a star from which its light and heat radiate |
| chromosphere | A reddish gaseous layer immediately above the photosphere of the sun or another star. Together with the corona, it constitutes the star's outer atmosphere |
| Corona | The rarefied gaseous envelope of the sun and other stars. The sun's corona is normally visible only during a total solar eclipse when it is seen as an irregularly shaped pearly glow surrounding the darkened disk of the moon |
| solar wind | The continuous flow of charged particles from the sun that permeates the solar system |
| asteroid | A small rocky body orbiting the sun. |
| Asteroid belt | The area between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter where a whole bunch of asteroids orbit |
| Meteor | A small body of matter from outer space that enters the earth's atmosphere, becoming incandescent as a result of friction and appearing as a streak of light |
| meteorite | A meteor that survives its passage through the earth's atmosphere such that part of it strikes the ground. More than 90 percent of meteorites are of rock, while the remainder consist wholly or partly of iron and nickel |
| meteoroid | A small body moving in the solar system that would become a meteor if it entered the earth's atmosphere |
| Extraterrestrial life | life beyond earth |
| Sunspot | A spot or patch appearing from time to time on the sun's surface, appearing dark by contrast with its surroundings |
| Prominence | A stream of incandescent gas projecting above the sun's chromosphere |
| Solar Flare | A brief eruption of intense high-energy radiation from the sun's surface, associated with sunspots and causing electromagnetic disturbances on the earth, as with radio frequency communications and power line transmissions |
| Terrestrial planets | The four inner planets of our solar system: Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars |
| greenhouse effect | The trapping of the sun's warmth in a planet's lower atmosphere due to the greater transparency of the atmosphere to visible radiation from the sun than to infrared radiation emitted from the planet's surface |
| gas giant | A large planet of relatively low density consisting predominantly of hydrogen and helium, such as Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, or Neptune |
| ring | A thin band or disk of rock and ice particles around a planet |
| comet | A celestial object consisting of a nucleus of ice and dust and, when near the sun, a “tail” of gas and dust particles pointing away from the sun |
| coma | A diffuse cloud of gas and dust surrounding the nucleus of a comet |
| Nucleus | The solid part of the head of a comet |
| Kuiper belt | A region of the solar system beyond the orbit of Neptune, believed to contain many comets, asteroids, and other small bodies made largely of ice |
| Oort cloud | A spherical cloud of small rocky and icy bodies postulated to orbit the sun beyond the orbit of Pluto and up to 1.5 light years from the sun, and to be the source of comets. Its existence was proposed by J. H. Oort |
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