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B & W Chapter 21

Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe

QuestionAnswer
TELESCOPE A DEVICE BUILT TO OBSERVE DISTANT OBJECTS BY MAKING THEM APPEAR CLOSER
VISIBLE LIGHT ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES THAT ARE VISIBLE TO THE HUMAN EYE
WAVELENGTH THE DISTANCE BETWEEN THE CREST OF ONE WAVE TO THE CREST OF THE NEXT WAVE
SPECTRUM THE RANGE OF WAVELENGTHS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
OPTICAL TELESCOPE A TELESCOPE THAT USES LENSES OR MIRRORS TO COLLECT AND FOCUS VISIBLE LIGHT
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION THE ENERGY TRANSFERRED THROUGH SPACE BY ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
REFRACTING TELESCOPE A TELESCOPE THAT USES CONVEX LENSES TO GATHER AND FOCUS LIGHT
CONVEX LENS A PIECE OF TRANSPARENT GLASS CURVED SO THAT THE MIDDLE IS THICKER THAN THE EDGES
REFLECTING TELESCOPE A TELESCOPE THAT USES A CURVED MIRROR TO COLLECT AND FOCUS LIGHT
RADIO TELESCOPE A DEVICE USED TO DETECT RADIO WAVES FROM OBJECTS IN SPACE
OBSERVATORY A BUILDING THAT CONTAINS ONE OR MORE TELESCOPES
CONSTELLATION AN IMAGINARY PATTERN OF STARS IN THE SKY
SPECTROGRAPH AN INSTRUMENT THAT SEPARATES LIGHT INTO COLORS AND MAKES AN IMAGE OF THE RESULTING SPECTRUM
APPARENT BRIGHTNESS THE BRIGHTNESS OF A STAR AS SEEN FROM EARTH
ABSOLUTE BRIGHTNESS THE BRIGHTNESS A STAR WOULD HAVE IF IT WERE A STANDARD DISTANCE FROM EARTH
LIGHT-YEAR THE DISTANCE LIGHT TRAVELS IN ONE YEAR
PARALLAX THE APPARENT CHANGE IN POSITION OF AN OBJECT WHEN SEEN FROM DIFFERENT PLACES
HERTZSPRUNG-RUSSELL DIAGRAM A GRAPH RELATING THE SURFACE TEMPERATURES AND ABSOLUTE BRIGHTNESSES OF STARS
MAIN SEQUENCE A DIAGONAL AREA ON AN H-R DIAGRAM THAT INCLUDES MORE THAN 90% OF ALL STARS
NEBULA THE CLOUD-LIKE REGION OF GASES LEFT OVER IN THE REMAINS OF A SHRINKING, SUN-SIZED STAR
PROTOSTAR A CONTRACTING CLOUD OF GAS AND DUST WITH ENOUGH MASS TO FORM A STAR
WHITE DWARF THE BLUE-WHITE HOT CORE OF A STAR THAT IS LEFT BEHIND AFTER ITS OUTER LAYERS HAVE EXPANDED AND DRIFTED OUT INTO SPACE
SUPERNOVA AN EXPLOSION OF A MASSIVE STAR
NEUTRON STAR THE SMALL, DENSE REMAINS OF A HIGH-MASS STAR AFTER A SUPERNOVA
PULSAR A RAPIDLY SPINNING NEUTRON STAR THAT PRODUCES RADIO WAVES
BLACK HOLE AN OBJECT WHOSE GRAVITY IS SO STRONG THAT NOTHING, NOT EVEN LIGHT, CAN ESCAPE
BINARY STAR A STAR SYSTEM WITH TWO STARS
ECLIPSING BINARY A BINARY STAR SYSTEM IN WHICH ONE STAR PERIODICALLY BLOCKS THE LIGHT FROM THE OTHER
OPEN CLUSTER A STAR CLUSTER THAT HAS A LOOSE, DISORGANIZED APPEARANCE AND CONTAINS NO MORE THAN A FEW THOUSAND STARS
GLOBULAR CLUSTER A LARGE, ROUND, DENSELY-PACKED GROUPING OF OLDER STARS
GALAXY A HUGE GROUP OF SINGLE STARS, STAR SYSTEMS, STAR CLUSTERS, DUST, AND GAS BOUND TOGETHER BY GRAVITY
SPIRAL GALAXY A GALAXY WITH A BULGE IN THE MIDDLE AND ARMS THAT SPIRAL OUTWARD IN A PINWHEEL PATTERN
ELLIPTICAL GALAXY A GALAXY SHAPED LIKE A ROUND OR FLATTENED BALL, GENERALLY CONTAINING ONLY OLD STARS
IRREGULAR GALAXY A GALAXY THAT DOES NOT HAVE A REGULAR SHAPE
QUASAR AN ENORMOUSLY BRIGHT, DISTANT GALAXY WITH A GIANT BLACK HOLE AT ITS CENTER
UNIVERSE ALL OF SPACE AND EVERYTHING IN IT
SCIENTIFIC NOTATION A MATHEMATICAL METHOD OF WRITING NUMBERS USING POWERS OF TEN
BIG BANG THE INITIAL EXPLOSION THAT RESULTED IN THE FORMATION AND EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSE
HUBBLE'S LAW THE OBSERVATION THAT THE FARTHER AWAY A GALAXY IS, THE FASTER IT IS MOVING AWAY
COSMIC BACKGROUND RADIATION THE ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION LEFT OVER FROM THE BIG BANG
SOLAR NEBULA A LARGE CLOUD OF GAS AND DUST, SUCH AS THE ONE THAT FORMED OUR SOLAR SYSTEM
PLANETESIMAL ONE OF THE SMALL ASTEROID-LIKE BODIES THAT FORMED THE BUILDING BLOCKS OF THE PLANET
DARK MATTER MATTER THAT DOES NOT GIVE OFF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION BUT IS QUITE ABUNDANT IN THE UNIVERSE
DARK ENERGY A MYSTERIOUS FORCE THAT APPEARS TO BE CAUSING THE EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSE TO ACCELERATE
Created by: bwise
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