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ACC-LVN-Skills 1423
ACC-LVN-1423-LEVEL 1- Weekly Drugs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the generic name for (spironolactone) | Aldactone |
| What is the MOA for Aldactone | Inhibits sodium reabsorption in the kidney while saving potassium and hydrogen ions(done by antagonizing aldosterone receptors) |
| What is the classification of Aldactone | Potassium-sparing diuretic |
| What are contraindications of Aldactone | Impaired renal function (could further increase potassium levels) |
| What is the nursing implications for Aldactone | 1.Monitor blood pressure and pulse prior to admistrating medication. 2.Monitor intake,output, 3.weight. 4.Monitor potassium levels. 5.Monitor Bun/Creatine levels periodically during therapy **BOB WEIGHS POTATOES** |
| What are atleast 3 side effects of Aldactone | 1.Hyperkalemia 2.Dizziness 3.Erectile Dysfunction 5.Breast tenderness 6.Gynecomastia 6.Agranulosytosis |
| What is the generic name for (nitroglycerine) | NTG |
| What is the classification of NTG | Nitrate |
| What is the MOA for NTG | It increases coronary blood flow, by dilatin coronary arteries & improving collateral flow to ischemic regions (venous greater than arterial. It reduces myocardial oxygen consumption. |
| What are 3 nursing implimentations for NTG | 1.Monitor BP & Pulse prior to and after administration of NTG. 2.Assess location, duratin, intensity & preception factors of pt's angina pain. 3.If applying NTG ointment do not allow it to come into contact with the hands as can cause vasodilation. |
| what are more nursing implimentations for NTG | 4.Inform pt to repostion slowly to avoid orthostatic BP. 5.inform that headaches may be present but will go away in time 1 tab at onset of pain, wait 5min, if pain still there take another tab wait 5min |
| How do you instuct pt on how to take NTG | At onset of pain take 1 tab , wait 5min, if pain still there take another tab & wait another 5min, if still there take only 1 more tab. If pain is still there after 5 more min, call 911 |
| What are the side effects for NTG | 1.Hypotension 2.Tachycardia 3.Dizziness 4.Headache |
| What is the drug name for KCL | (potassium chloride) |
| What is the MOA for KCL | 1.Maintain acid-base balance, 2.Maintain sotonicity, 3.mantain electrophsiologic balance of the cell |
| What are 3 nursing implimentations for KCL | 1.NEVER ADMINISTER POTASSIUM IV PUSH OR BLOUS!! 2.Administer with meals or after meals to minimize GI irritation, 3.Assess for hypokalemia, 4.monitor BP,Pulse & ECG 5.Monitor serum potassium before & during therapy |
| What is the classification of KCL | Potassium suppliment |
| What are the side effects for KCL | 1.Abdominal pain, 2.Diarrhea, 3.Flatulence, 4.N/V 5.weakness, 6.restlessness, 7.GI ulceration, 8.Irritaion at IV site |
| What is the drug name for Prednisone | (Deltasone) |
| What is the classification of Prednisone | Intermediate acting corticosteroid |
| What is the MOA for Prednisone | Supression ot the infalmmatory and normal immune responses. |
| What are 3 nursing implimentations for Prednisone | 1.Assess client for edema, steady weight gain, rales/crackles, & dyspnea, 2.assess mental changes during the course of treatment, 3.Assess for adrenal insufficiency efore & durning therapy(wtloss,hypotension,nausea,confusion,lethargy) |
| What are 2 more nursing implimentations for Prednisone | 4.Check serum electrolytes like potassium, 5.check blood glucose levels as hyperglycemia may occur |
| What are the side effects for Prednisone | 1.Depression 2.Euphoria, 3.Hypertension, 4.Anorexia 5.Nausea 6.Acne 7.Decreased wound healing 8.Ecchymosis, 9.Muscle wasting, 10.Ostioporosis |
| What is the drug name for Lopressor | (metoprolol tartrate) |
| What is the classification of Lopressor | Beta Blocker |
| What is the MOA for Lopressor | 1.Blocks the stimulation of beta-1 adrenergic receptors(myocardial), BUT doesn't affect beta-2 adrenergic receptors(pulmonary,uterine,vascular) |
| What are 3 nursing implimentations for Lopressor | 1.Monitor BP & pulse prior to administering med. 2.Monitor intake & daily wt. 3.It may increase BUN levels, 4.administer with meals or directly after. |
| What are the side effects for Lopressor | 1.Hypotension, 2.Bradycardia, 3.Fatigue, 4.Weakness, 5.Anxiety, 6.CHF, 7.Pulmonary edema 8.Erectile dysfuction. |
| What are the contraindications for Lopressor | contraindicated in pt with= 1.uncompensated CHF, 2.Pulmonary edema, 3.cardiogenic shock, 6.Bradycardia, 7.and Heart block |
| What is the drug name for Coreg | (carvedilol) |
| What is the classification of Coreg | Beta Blocker (antihypertensive, CHF, left ventricular dysfunction after MI |
| What is the MOA for Coreg | 1.Blocks the stimulation of beta-1 (myocardial) adrenergic receptors. 2.Does not affect beta-2 (pulmonary, uterine, vascular) adrenergic receptors. 3.Also has alpha-1 blocking activity which may result in orthostatic hypotension. |
| What are 3 nursing implimentations for Coreg | 1.Monitor blood pressure and pulse prior to administration of medication. 2.Monitor intake & output 3.monitor daily weights. 4.monitor Bun levels because it may increase BUN levels. |
| What are the side effects for Coreg | 1.Hypotension, 2.dizziness, 3.bradycardia, 5.fatigue, 6.weakness, 7.anxiety, 8.CHF, 9.pulmonary edema, 10.hyperglycemia, 11.erectile dysfunction. |
| What are the contraindications for Coreg | Contraindicated in uncompensated CHF, pulmonary edema, Cardiogenic shock, severe hepatic impairment , asthma or bronchospastic disorders, bradycardia and heart block. Do not crush extended release tablets. Must be taken whole! |
| What is the drug name for Lisinopril | (Zestril, Prinivil) |
| What is the classification of Lisinopril | ACE Inhibitor |
| What is the MOA for Lisinopril | 1.Blocks the conversion of Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II. 2.Inactivates bradykinin & other vasodilatory prostaglandins. 3.Also increased renin plasma levels & 4.reduce Aldosterone levels. |
| What are nursing implimentations for Lisinopril | Obtain blood pressure & pulse prior to administration. Monitor weight & output in clients with CHF. Monitor serum BUN & creatinine levels as may increase, serum K may be elevated. Serum Na may be decreased |
| What are the side effects for Lisinopril | Dizziness, fatigue, cough, hypotension, taste disturbance, and proteinuria. |
| What is the drug name for Altace | (ramipril) |
| What is the classification of Altace | ACE Inhibitor |
| What is the MOA for Altace | Blocks the conversion of Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II. Also prevent the degredation of bradykinin and other vasodilatory prostaglandins. Also increases the plasma renin levels & reduce aldosterone levels. |
| What are nursing implimentations for Altace | Monitor blood pressure and pulse prior to the administration of medication. Assess for signs of angioedema (facial swelling and dyspnea). Monitor BUN and creatinine levels. |
| What are the side effects for Altace | Cough, hypotension, taste disturbances, angioedema, and agranulocytosis. |
| What is the drug name for Lasix | (Furosemide) |
| What is the classification of Lasix | Loop diuretic |
| What is the MOA for Lasix | Inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and chloride from the loop of Henle and distal renal tubule. Increases renal excretion of sodium, chloride, magnesium, hydrogen, & calcium. May have renal & peripheral vasodilatory effects. |
| What are 3 nursing implimentations for Lasix | Assess fluid status (i/o, daily weight, edema, lung sounds, skin turgor). Monitor blood pressure and pulse. MONITOR K+ levels (may decrease levels) & monitor BUN, creatinine, glucose, & uric acid levels (may increase these) |
| What are the side effects for Lasix | Dehydration, hypokalemia, hyponatremia, dizziness, hypotension, constipation, muscle cramps. K+ level 3.5-5.0 mEq/ |
| What is the drug name for Lovenox | (enoxaparin) |
| What is the classification of Lovenox | Low molecular weight heparins |
| What is the MOA for Lovenox | Potentiate the inhibitory effect of antithrombin on factor Xa and thrombin. |
| What are nursing implimentations for Lovenox | Assess for bleeding & hemorrhage (bleeding gums,nosebleed,unusual bruising,black,tarry stools,hematuria,fall in hematocrit or BP, positive Guiac).Monitor neurological status frequently,monitor for hypersensitivity, & assess site of injection |
| What are the side effects for Lovenox | Dizziness, headache, anemia, thrombocytopenia, ecchymoses, pruritis, rash, bleeding. |
| What is the drug name for Norco | (hydrocodone /acetaminophen) |
| What is the classification of Norco | Schedule III Narcotic |
| What is the MOA for Norco | Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS. Alters the perception of and response to painful stimuli while producing generalized CNS depression. Suppresses the cough reflex via a direct central action. |
| What are 3 nursing implimentations for Norco | Assess bp, pulse, respirations, pain scale prior to administration. Assess bowel function (slows gastric motility). NTE 4000mg of acetaminophen in 24 hours!! |
| What are the side effects for Norco | Headache, abdominal pain, diarrhea, flatulence, hyperglycemia. |
| What is the drug name for Digoxin | (Lanoxin, Digitalis, Digitek) |
| What is the classification of Digoxin | Cardiac glycoside |
| What is the MOA for Digoxin | Increases the force of myocardial contraction. Prolongs the refractory period of the AV node. Decreases conduction through the SA and AV node. |
| What are 3 nursing implimentations for Digoxin | MUST OBTAIN APICAL HEARTRATE FOR ONE FULL MINUTE BEFORE ADMINISTRATION. HOLD FOR HR<60bpm. Slows heart rate and increases cardiac output. Monitor electrolytes (potassium, magnesium, and calcium) as hypo states may increase risk of toxicity. |
| What are the side effects for Digoxin | Fatigue, headache, weakness, blurred vision, yellow or green vision, bradycardia, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, hyperkalemia with acute toxicity. Digoxin level 0.5-2 ng/ml |
| What is the drug name for ASA | (Aspirin) Acetylsalicylic acid |
| What is the classification of ASA | Salicylate |
| What is the MOA for ASA | Produces analgesic effects and reduces inflammation and fever by inhibiting production of prostaglandins. ASPIRIN ONLY DECREASES platelet aggregation. |
| What are 3 nursing implimentations for ASA | Assess for allergies to aspirin or to tartrazine (at increased risk for developing hypersensitivity).Assess clients who have a history of nasal polyps,asthma,& allergies. Monitor for bleeding (HH),monitor for s/s of toxicity/overdose. |
| What are the side effects for ASA | Tinnitus, dyspepsia, gastric distress, nausea, anemia. |
| 1 gtt = ? minims | 1 minim |
| 1ml = ? minims | 15-16 minims |
| 4-5 ml = ? t or drams | 1t or 1dram |
| 240mL = ?cups or ml | 1 cup Or 250mL |
| 1mg = ? grams | 1000grams |
| What is the drug name for Coumadin | (warfarin) |
| What is the classification of Coumadin | Anticoagulant |
| What is the MOA for Coumadin | Potentiates the effects of vitamin K dependent clotting factors (II, IV, IX and X) |
| What are 3 nursing implimentations for Coumadin | Assess for bleeding & hemorrhage(bleeding gums,nosebleed,unusual bruising,black,tarry stools,hematuria,fall in hematocrit or blood pressure,positive Guiac).Monitor neurological status frequently,monitor for hypersensitivity,and assess site of injection |
| What are the side effects for Coumadin | Dizziness, headache, anemia, thrombocytopenia, ecchymoses, pruritis, rash, alopecia, and bleeding. |
| Name the 4 types of cardia drugs | Beta-Blockers, Ace-inhibitors, Diuretics, and Cardiac glycosides |
| what are some important things about Cardiac Glycosides | They can also affect Beta-2 receptors(primarily found in the lungs) & cause bronchoconstriction. **This is why there are selective & nonselective beta blockers** Non-selective beta-blockers are contraindicated in patients with COPD & asthma. |
| what are some important things about ACE Inhibitors | ACE (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme) Inhibitors prevent the conversion of Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II. nurse will want to monitor BP & pulse prior to administration & check BUN/creatinine levels & the potassium level especially for hyperkalemia |
| what are some important things about Diuretics | they rid the body of fluid.The action is enhanced by the selective excretion of various electrolytes & water by affecting renal mechanisms for tubular secretion & reabsorption.This class of med also affect electrolytes (especially potassium-K+). |
| What are some important things about Cardiac Glycosides | 1.Increases the force of myocardial contraction. 2.Increase cardiac output (positive inotropic effect) & slowing of HR (negative chronotropic effect). 3.Must check apical HR before giving for 1 full minute! Hold for HR<60bpm. |
Created by:
monica_acc
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