click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
link3
Anatomy
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What bone makes up almost all of the skeleton of the arms and legs | long bone |
What are the two irregular ends of the long bone, proximal and distal epiphysis | epiphysis |
What part of the long bone is the long narrow shaft | diaphysis |
The center of the diaphysis that contains bone marrow is called | medullary cavity |
Osseous tissue pretains to | two types of bone tissue |
What tissue is hard and dense, and makes up the main shaft of the long bone and the outer layer of other bones | compact bone |
The tissue also konwn as spongy bone, is made of a meshwork of small, bony plates filled with red marrow | cancellous bone |
Where is the spongy bone located | epiphyses |
Which of the two marrows manufactures blood cells | red marrow |
This marrow is located at the end of the long bone and at the center of other bones | red |
Which of the two marrows is composed largely of fat | yellow marrow |
What marrow is located in the central cavities of the long bones | yellow |
The membrane thats inner layer contains cells that are essential in bone formation and covers the outside of the bone is called | periosteum |
The thinner membrane that lines the bone marrow (medullary) cavity is called | endosteum |
What is the conversion of cartilage to bone called | ossification |
A fibrous protine that gives the tissue stringth and resilience is | collagen |
What is the name of the bone building cells that become active during the second and third month of embryonic life | osteoblasts |
The material located between the osteoblast cells is called the | matrix |
What cells are still living and continue to maintain the existing matrix, but do not produce new bone tissue | osteocytes |
The break down of bone tissue is called | resorption |
This type of cell is developed of white blood cells that are large multinucleated, that is resonsible for the process of resorption | osteoclasts |
In the long bone the transformation of cartilage into bone during fetal development begins at | the center of the shaft |
The secondary bone forming centers that develop across the ends of the bones is called | epiphyseal plates |
The long bones continue to grow in length of epiphyseal plates by calcifocation of new cartilage through | childhood and into the late teens |
Finally the bones stop growing in length by | late teens or early 20s |
Each epiphyseal plate hardens and can be seen in x-ray films as a thin line across the end of the bone, this is called the | epiphyseal line |
What projection is rounded, knoblike end separated from the rest of the bone by a slinder reagion, the neck is the | head |
What is a large projection of a bone, such as the superior part of the ulna in the forearm that creates the elbow is | process |
A rounded projection is | condyle |
A small projection above the condyle is an | epicondyle |
What projection has a distinct border or ridge, often rough, such as over the top of the hip bone is a | crest |
A sharp projection from the surface of a bone, such as the spine of the scapula (shoulder blade) is the | spine |
A hole that allows a vessel or a nerve to pass through or between bone is called | foramen |
An air space found in some skull bones is known as | sinus |
A depression on a bone surface is a | fossa |
A short channel or passageway that leads to the inner ear is called the | meatus |
What skeleton consist of 80 bones and includes the bony framework fo the head and the trunk | axial skeleton |
What skeleton consists of 126 bones and forms the framework for the extremities and for the shoulders and hips | appendicular skeleton |
The suture that joins the frontal bone with two parietal bones along the coronal plane is the | coronal |
The suture that joins the temporal bone to the parietal bone on the craniums lateral surface is the | squamous |
The suture that joins the occipital bone with the parietal bone in the posterior cranium is the | lambdoid |
The suture that joins the two parietal bones along the superior midline of the cranium along the sagittal plane is the | sagittal |
The flexible regions that allow the skull to compress and change shape during birth and allow for rapid brain growth during infancy is known as | fontanels or soft spots |
This fontanel usually does not close until the child is about 18 months old | anterior |
What are the flat, immovable joints that unite the skull bones called | sutures |
The first vertebrae that supports the head is the | atlas |
The second cervical vertebrae serves as a pivot when the head is turning from side to side is the | axis |
Name the first normal curve | cervical |
Name the second normal curve | thoracic |
Name the third normal curve | lumbar |
Name the fourth normal curve | sacral |
What is the purpose of the four curves of the spine | to provide some of the resilience and spring so essential in balance and movement |
What is the first seven pair of ribs that are attached to the sternum by costal cartilage | true ribs |
What is the five pair of ribs that are attached to cartilage of the rib above | false ribs |
What are the two pair of ribs that have no anterior attachment at all | floating ribs |
What is the term for individual extensions | costal cartilage |
What is the medical term for the shoulder blade | scapula |
What is the medical term for the upper arm | humerus |
What is the medical term for the collarbone | clavicle |
What is the medical term for the bone on the thumb side of the forearm | radius |
What is the medical term for the bone on the little finger side of the forearm | ulna |
What is the process that forms the point of the elbow | olecranon |
The bones of the wrist are the | carpal bones |
The bones of the palm are the | metacarpal bones |
The bones of the fingers are the | phalanges |
What gender has a lighter weight pelvis | female |
A females pelvic opening is wider and more | rounded |
What part of the pelvis is wider and more flared in a female | ilia |
In a female the pubic arch and what between the pubic bones is wider | anterior angle |
What is shorter and less curve on a female pelvis | coccyx and sacrum |
In a females pelvis the lower duameter,the pelvic outlet is | larger |
What is the medical term for the hip bone(all three together | os coxae |
What is the medical term for the posterior bone of the hip | ilium |
What is the medical term for the anterior bone of the hip | ischium |
What is the anterior connection of the two hip bones | symphysis pubis |
What is the medical term for the deep socket that holds the head of the femur | acetabulum |
What is the medical term for the thigh bone | femur |
What is the medical term for the kneecap | patella |
What is the meical term for the shin bone | tibia |
Medical term for the outer bone of the lower leg | fibula |
Medical term for the inner and outer ankle bone | medial and lateral malleolus |
Medical term for the heelbone | calcaneus |
Medical term for the bones of the arch of the foot | tarsals |
Medical term for the bones in the ball of the foot | metatarsal |
Medical term for the bones in the toes | phalanges |
What disorderis a lack of normal bone formation or excess loss of bone tissue | metabolic disorder |
What joint is unmovable and held together by fibrous tissue like a suture | fibrous |
What joint connect to the bone with cartilage and is slightly movable | cartilaginous |
What joint has pontential space between the bone and contains a small amount of thick colorless fluid and freely moves | synovial |
What joint disorder is a derangement of the joint parts | dislocation |
What joint disorder is the wrenching of a joint with rupture or tearing of the ligament | sprain |
What joint disorder has the central mass protruds through a weakend outer cartilaginous ring into the spinal canal also known as slipped disk | herniated disk |
What disorder usually occurs in elderly people as a result of normal wear and tear | osteoarthritis |
What disorder is a crippling coondition characterized by joint swelling in the hands, feet, and elswhere as a result of inflammation and overgrowth of the synovial membranes and other joint tissue | rheumatoid arthritis |
What disorder arises when bacteria spread to involve joint tissue, usually by way of the bloodstreem | septic arthritis |
What arthritis is an over production of uric acid or not enough that forms crystals that are diposited as masses around a joint and other areas | gout |