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Ch 17 Science Vocab
Life Science BJU - Chapter 17 Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| An animal with a backbone. They have _____________, skulls and endoskeletons. | vertebrate |
| Made of a combination of bone and cartilage | endoskeleton |
| gives vertebrates a strong support system | bone |
| is strong but is more flexible than bone. It serves as a cushion in between joints and bones. | cartilage |
| Is a series of similar bones that support the body and protect the spinal cord | vertebral column |
| Covers and protects the brain | skull |
| carries abundant oxygen (red blood in diagrams represent this) | oxygenated blood |
| gives most of its oxygen to the body's cells and takes on carbon dioxide (the blue blood is this in diagrams) | de-oxygenated blood |
| take oxygen from water and give off carbon dioxide | gills |
| are chambers inside an animal's body where blood can obtain oxygen and give off carbon dioxide | lungs |
| helps mammals and humans to breathe; is a thin layer of muscle that separates the chest chamber from the abdomen | diaphram |
| Is made up of the brain and spinal cord | central nervous system |
| is protected by the skull | brain |
| is protected by bones of vertebral column | spinal cord |
| is made up of the nerves, sensory receptors and sensory organs | peripheral nervous system |
| is a major collection of sensory receptors and various supporting structures...normally a _______________ senses only 1 environmental factor (ex. the eye) | sensory organ |
| food enters a vertebrate's body thru the mouth, then passes the short, tubular esophagus into this...once inside it mixes the food with digestive enzymes that are already in this | stomach |
| After food is mixed, it moves here. It is the digestive organ in which most of the digestion & absorption of food occurs. | small intestine |
| 1 of the 2 organs attached to the small intestine is this, it produces a greenish fluid called bile which contains substances to help break down fats, the bile is stored in the gallbladder until needed. | liver |
| a smaller organ that makes enzymes and releases them into the small intestine...these enzymes break down sugars, starches, proteins and fats | pancreas |
| the part of the digestive tract that extend from the end of the small intestine to the anus; absorbs water and minerals | large intestine |
| filters waste from the vertebrate's blood | kidneys |
| in each kidney the wastes flow the capillaries into this which is one large tube | ureter |
| urine is collected and stored in this before it passes out of the body | urinary bladder |
| means that their body temp changes with their surroundings (ex. fish) | ectothermic |
| What does a skull protect? | brain |
| How does the number of heart chambers differ in the various major groups of vertebrate animals? | Fish have 2 chambers, reptiles and amphibians have 3 chambers, birds and mammals have 4 chambers |
| What two gases are exchanged in gills and lungs? | oxygen & carbon dioxide |
| From which sense organ in a frog does an auditory nerve carry impulses? | cranial nerves carry impulses/spinal nerves transmit them |
| Of what material is a shark's skeleton composed? | cartilage |
| What organ do sharks not have that most bony fish have? | bones |
| Which group of vertebrates is the only group to undergo metamorphosis? | frogs |
| Why are most amphibians found near water? | They live in the water when they are young. Then they can live on land and water when they are adults. |
| How are hibernation and estivation similar? How are they different? | Both slow life process; hibernation only occurs in winter |
| What does a snake detect with its tongue? | food or danger |
| What do snakes eat? | mice |
| What system does the ureter belong to? | excretory |
| What system does the spinal cord belong to? | nervous |
| What system does the diaphragm belong to? | respiratory |
| What system does the small intestine belong to? | digestive |
| What system does the artery belong to? | circulatory |
| Endoskeletons can contain both bone and cartilage? True or False | True |
| In a fish, the blood that leaves the heart goes directly to the _____________. | gills |
| Gills are found in ____________________. | fish and tadpoles |
| Sensory organs of the head are connected to the brain by ________________________. | cranial nerves |
| Food does not pass through the __________________. | pancreas |
| Because a fish is supported by an internal skeleton, we can say it is endothermic. True or False | False |
| The lamprey is a ___________________. | jawless fish |
| Amphibians are the only vertebrates that __________________________. | experience metamorphosis |
| A frog has teeth but does not chew its food. True or False | True |
| Which of these is so unique that it is in an order of reptiles all by itself? | tuatara |
| There are snake species that live in... A. desert B. jungles C. oceans D. all of these | All of these |
| Passes food from the mouth to the stomach | esophagus |
| The sac underneath the liver, stores bile | gall bladder |
| The air chambers inside an animal's body where blood can get oxygen and give off carbon dioxide are _____________. | lungs |
| Blood vessels that take the blood to the heart are called ______________. | veins |
| A dome-shaped muscle that separates the chest chamber from the abdomen in many animals and in humans is the ________________. | diaphragm |
| A fluid that carries substances both in its cells and dissolved in its liquid is _________________. | blood |
| The central nervous system includes the brain and _____________. | spinal cord |
| A structure between two heart chambers that allows blood to go only one way is a _______________. | valve |
| Blood that carries an abundant amount of oxygen is _________________. | oxygenated |
| Spinal nerves branch off the _______________. | spinal cord |
| The normal process of forcing air into and out of the lungs is called ____________________. | breathing |
| Blood vessels that take the blood away from the heart are called __________________. | arteries |
| The respiratory structures that have capillaries close to their surfaces to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide in the water are the ___________. | gills |
| Tiny blood vessels that allow substances to pass between the blood and body tissues are called __________________. | capillaries |
| Bile aids in the digestion of ________________. | fats |
| The kidneys connect to the urinary bladder through the _______________. | ureters |
| Blood that has had most of its oxygen given to the body's cells is called ______________________. | deoxygenated |
| The number of chambers in a fish heart is _______________. | two |
| Undigested foods leave the digestive tract through the ____________________. | anus |
| Upon leaving the stomach, food normally moves to the ____________________. | small intestine |
| What is the difference between a carnivore and a herbivore? | A carnivore (pointy teeth) eats meat and a herbivore (flat teeth) eats plants. |
| Food enters thru the ____, the ____connects the mouth to the stomach, the ______ churns & mixes enzymes w/food & begins digestion, ________ _________finish digestion & absorb nutrients into the blood stream, _______ ______ eliminates indigestible matter | mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestines, large intestine |
| filters bacteria from partially digested wastes | appendix |
| Type of fish that feeds on already dead things (fish or worms) | Hagfish |
| Process of digesting food is... | ingestion, digestion, absorption, elimination |
| ______ filters waste, waste from cells include _______, each kidney has a _____ that carries waste to _____ _____ for storage of _________. | kidneys, urea, ureter, urinary bladder, urine |
| The birds and reptile's excretory systems empties into digestive system's large intestine for ____________. | elimination |
| The three different types of fish are ___________, ____________, &___________. | jawless, cartilage, bony |
| ________ fish do not have jaws, scales or paired fins & their skeleton is composed of cartilage. | Jawless |
| _______ fish have endoskeletons made of cartilage. They have jaws, scales and paired fins but they lack a swim bladder. | Cartilage |
| ________ fish have an endoskeleton made of bone. They have jaws, paired fins and most have scales. | Bony |
| Some fish have a _____ ______ that helps them float at a constant depth. | swim bladder |
| A fish has a _____ ______ system that includes a _____ chambered heart and blood vessels. | closed circulatory, 2 |
| In a fish, blood is pumped from the heart, thru the _____, thru the body and back to the _____. While passing thru ______ and the gills, ______ diffuses into the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses out. | gills, heart, capillaries, oxygen |
| The ______ line can detect vibrations and pressure & they are a string of sensory structures. | lateral |
| Fish reproduce by ____________. | spawning |
| The __________ egg allows vertebrates to live on land. | amniotic |
| _________ has a circular mouth for hanging onto the fish, the parasite | Lamprey |
| Class ___________ out of the vertebrates have metamorphosis. | amphibians |
| The ___________ organ allows the snake to look poisonous. | Jacobson |
Created by:
bgpalmers
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