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Oceanography

Chap 18

QuestionAnswer
Biodegradable Able to be broken down by natural processes into similer components
Biological amplification Increase in the concentration of certain fat-soluble chemicals such as DDT or heavy-metal compounds in successivly higher components.
Chlorinated Hydrocarbons The most abundant and dangerous class of halogenated hydrocarbons, synthetic organic chemicals hazardous to the marine environment.
Clorofluorocarbons (CFCs) A class of halogenated hydrocarbons thought to be depleting Earth's atmospheric ozone. CFCs are use as cleaning agents, refrierants, fire-extinguishing fluids, spray-can propellants, and insulating foams.
Eutrophication A set of physical, chemical, and biological changes brought about when excessive nutrients are released into water.
Greenhouse effect Trapping of heat in the atmosphere. Incoming short-wavelength solar radiation penetrates the atmosphere, but the outgoing longer-wavelength radiation is absorbed by the greenhouse gases and reradiated to Earth, causing a rise in surface temperature.
Greenhouse gases Gases in Earth's atmosphere that cause the greenhouse effect; includ methane, carbon dioxide,and CFCs.
Heavy metal Metals that are capable of causing damage to organisms by interfering with normal cell metabolism; mercury,lead, copper, tin
Hypoxia Condition of depleted oxygen; literally low(hypo) oxygen(oxia)
Introduced species A species removed from its home range and established in a new and foreign location; also call exotic species.
Ionizing radiation Fast-moving particles of high-energy electromagnetic radiation emitted as unstable atomic nuclei disintegrate. Can react and damage living tissue
Mathematical model A set of equations that attempts to describe the behavior of a system
Marine pollution The introduction by humand os substances of energy into the ocean that changes the quality of the water of affects the physical and biological environment
Nuclear energy Energy released when atomic nuclei undergo a nuclear reactions such as the spontaneous emission of radioactivity, nuclear fission, or nuclear fusion.
Ozone The triatomic form of oxygen. Ozone in the upper atmosphere protects living things from the harmful effects of the sun's ultraviolet radiation.
Ozone layer A diffuse layer of ozone mixed in with other gases surrounding the world at a height of abouth 20 to 40 km. (12 to 25 mi.)
Pollutant A substance that causes damage by interferring directly of indirectly with an organisms biochemical process.
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) Chlorinated hydrocarbons once widely used to cool and insulate electrical devices and to strengthen wood or concrete. May be responsible for the chanfges in and declining fertility of some marine mammals
Sewage Waste water with a significant organic content, usually from domestic or industrial sources.
Created by: lenelcorrea
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