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Organic Molecules BF
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| organic | compounds that contain carbon |
| inorganic | compounds that don't contain carbon |
| monosaccharide | a simple sugar that is the basic subunit, or monomer, of a carbohydrate |
| disaccharide | A molecule composed of two monosaccharides. Common disaccharides include maltose, sucrose, and lactose. |
| monomer | a simple compound whose molecules can join together to form polymers |
| polymer | A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together. |
| solvent | in a solution, the substance in which the solute dissolves |
| carbohydrate | organic compound used by cells to store and release energy; composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
| lipid | macromolecule made mainly from carbon and hydrogen atoms; includes fats, oils, and waxesgl |
| protein | contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; makes up cell/body structures and enzymes |
| hydrocarbon | an organic compound composed only of carbon and hydrogen |
| dehydration synthesis | A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water molecule. |
| hydrolysis | A chemical process that lyses, or splits, molecules by the addition of water. |
| starch | polysaccharide made up of a chain of glucose molecules; food storage molecule for plants |
| glycogen | polysaccharide in animal cells that consists of many glucose monomers |
| cellulose | polysaccharide consisting of glucose monomers that reinforces plant-cell walls |
| steroids | A type of lipid characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four rings with various functional groups attached. |
| cholesterol | steroid molecule present in the plasma membranes of animal cells |
| phospholipids | A molecule that is a constituent of the inner bilayer of biological membranes, having a polar, hydrophilic head and a nonpolar, hydrophobic tail. |
| nucleic acid | organic molecule made of nucleotides; stores hereditary information for cell function; DNA or RNA |
| glucose | a monosaccharide found in living cells; it has the chemical formula C6 H12 O6 |
| maltose | a disaccharide composed of two glucose units |
| polysaccharide | polymers of monosaccharides linked together by dehydration reactions |
| glycerol | a three -carbon molecule that forms with fatty acids to make lipids |
| fatty acids | molecules which can combine with glycerol to make fats |
| saturated fat | a lipid made from fatty acids that have no double bonds between carbon atoms |
Created by:
brittanyfox
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