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DIT bacteria basics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| bacterial structure that mediates adherence of bacteria to the surface of a cell | pili |
| bac structure that protects against phagocytosis | capsule |
| bac stx that provides rigid support o bacterial cell and protects against osmotic pressure differences | peptidoglycan |
| space between the inner and outer cellular membranes in gram negative bacteria | periplasm |
| bac stx for motility | flagella |
| bacterial form which provides resistance to dehydration heat an chemicals | spores |
| forms attachment between two bacteria during transfer of DNA material (conjugation) | sex pilus |
| genetic material within bacteria that contains genes for abx resistance | plasmid |
| exotoxin that inhibits ACH release causing flaccid paralysis | botulinum toxin |
| exotoxin lecithinase that causes gas gangrene | alpha toxin of c. perfringens |
| exotoxin that inhibits the inhibitor of AC causing whooping cough | pertussus toxin |
| exotoxin that stimulates AC cause Cl and water to enter gut and cause diarrhea | Cholera toxin and HL E Coli |
| Exotoxin that destroys leukocytes | leukocidin (S. aureus) |
| Composed of edema factor, lethal factor and protective antigen | anthrax exotoxin |
| enterotoxin causing rice water diarrhea | cholera toxin and HL E Coli |
| Causes scarlet fever | Erythrogenic/pyrogenic toxin (s pyogenes) |
| Causes TSS | TSST-1 |
| Inactivates EF-2 causing psedomembranous pharyngitis | diptheriae toxin |
| blocks the release of the inhibitory neurotransmitter glycine | tetanospasmin |
| 5 bacteria that secrete enterotoxins (causing water and electrolyte imbalances of intestinal epithelium = diarrhea) | Vibrio Cholera, ETEC (HC), Staph Aureus, Salmonella, Shigella |
| toxins secreted by Staph Aureus | alpha, beta, hemolysin, leukocidin, enterotoxins A-E, TSST-1, epidermolytic/exfoliative |
| alpha toxin (Staph aureus) | hemolysis |
| beta toxin (staph aureus) | sphingomyelinase |
| Protein A+B (staph aureus) | hemolysin |
| Protein B+C (staph aureus | leukocidin |
| tsst-1 | release of CKs = tss |
| epidermolytic/exfoliative | epithelial cell lysis = scalded skin syndrome |
| Toxins secreted by GAS (strep pyogenes) | streptolysin O and S, erythrogenic/pyrogenic toxins |
| acute phase cytokinds | IL-1, IL-6, TNF alpha |
| What organisms do not take gram stain | Mycobacteria, Mycoplasma, Legionella, Chlamydia, Rickettsia, Treponema |
| Stain for cryptococcus neoformans | india ink |
| stain for pneumocystis jiroveci | silver stain |
| stain for amyloid | congo red |
| stain for chlamydia | giemsa |
| characteristics of MacConkey's agar | Bile Salts and Crystal Violet inhibit G+ growth. Lactose and Neutral Red turns lactose fermenters pink |
| By what method are plasmids exchanged between bacteria? | conjugation |
| Which organisms can acquire abx resistance from transformation | S.pneumo, H.flu, Neisseria |
| What bacteria are encapsulated | (Some Killers Have Nice Shiny Bodies) Salmonella, Klebsiella, H flu, Neiserria, Strep Pn, group B strep |
| Which bacteria are spore formers? | Clostridium, Bacillus, Coxiella burnetii |
Created by:
kayjames
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