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Organelle functions!
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Plasma membrane | boundary of the cell that holds things together and has receptors that allow it to controls entry and exit of substances in the cell in and out of the cell |
| Nucleus | contains the genetic material (DNA(deoxyribonucleic acid)) control center of the cell. |
| Nuclear envelope | wraps the nucleus, is porous and is actually a double membrane |
| Chromatin | when, during cellular reproduction, the DNA is "spread out" in the nucleus |
| Chromosomes | formed by DNA durning cellular reproduction |
| DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) | contains the codes for the proteins that the cell produces |
| Cytoplasm | between the nucleus and the cell membrane, fluid part contains dissolved chemicals including ions, proteins, and other molecules that are then used for various processes. |
| Ribosomes | tiny kichens within the cell, proteins are synthesized by the cell in the ribosomes. either by themselves or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum |
| Endoplasmic reticulum | the network within the cell's cytoplams. Two types. |
| Smooth Endoplsmic Reticulum | series of tubes, used in intracellular transport within the cell as well as for the production of lipids and carbohydrates. |
| Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum | also used for cellular transport, rough in appearance because it has ribosomes on it. used in protein synthesis as well as intracellular transport. |
| What type of cell has the most smooth endoplasmic reticulum? | usually specialize in the production of lipids and carohydrates |
| What type of cells have the most amounts of rough endoplasmic reticulum? | typically specialize in protein synthesis |
| Golgi apparatuses | the cell's packaging plants, take various chemicals and package them for many purposes, inculuding secretion, packing may involve chemical modification |
| What kind of cells contain lots of Golgi Apparatuses? | Nervous system cells, called neurons, they secrete chemicals. also when your salivary glands secrete saliva this is done by the Golgi Apparatuses. |
| Secretory vesicle | pinches off the Golgi apparatus with the chemical inside and travels through the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane, where its contents can be released outside of the cell. |
| Lysosome | main function is to break down lipids, proteins, polysaccharides, and nucleic acids. in order to do its job must contain certain enzymes that could easily kill the entire cell if released from the lysosome. |
| Mitochondria | the major site of ATP synthesis in the ccell, ATP is the "currency" in which cellular engery is stored, powerhouse of the cell, produces ATP. |
| Cilia | tiny "hairs" that cover all or part of a cells surface |
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