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health 290 test 2
health notess
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Stress | any specific or nonspecific response of the body to any demand made on it |
| ABC | Activating event, Beliefs or perceptions, Consequences |
| Activating event | anything that triggers a stress response |
| Three categories of stressors | life changes, catastrophes (ie natural disasters), daily hassles |
| College stressors | 1. Academics 2.Future 3.Spiritual 4. Relationships 5. Financial |
| Beliefs or perceptions | The way someone construes an event effects how they respond |
| Beliefs that chain to distress | All or nothing, mental filtering, emotional reasoning, labeling |
| All or nothing | looking at things as black or white |
| Mental filtering | dwelling on negatives and ignoring positives |
| Emotional reasoning | Reasoning based on feelings “I feel lousy, thus things are lousy” |
| Labeling | Identifying with shortcomings ie “I’m a jerk” rather than “I made a mistake” |
| Consequences | Body releases stress hormones cortisol, epinephrine, and nonepinephrine |
| Fight-or-flight | the physiological changes that occur when danger is perceived |
| Arousal | a state of physiological and emotional activation |
| Drive theory | the greater the arousal, the greater the performance |
| Inverted-U theory | Low to moderate arousal levels of stress enhance performance, high doesn’t |
| Individual zones of optimal functioning | optimal functioning is different for different ppl |
| Homeostasis | a state of equilibrium |
| Stages of GAS (general adaption syndrome) | 1. Alarm(fof)2. Resistance (restore equil)3. exhaustion |
| Stress coping | Deep breathing, refocus(true,noble) exercise, prayer, humor |
| Stress hardy | capable of keeping cool under pressure |
| Commitment | having a commitment to overcome can affect survival rate |
| Control | Take action: 1. Daily planning (todo) 2. Attitude toward time(awareness) 3. Long range plan |
| Challenge | view change as an inevitable part of life and recognize need for flexibility |
| The three ccc of Hardiness | Commitment, Control, Challenge |
| Clinical depression | long periods o despondency that cripple physically, cognitively, socially, spiritually |
| Depression is not | a character flaw or sign of weakness |
| Symptoms | sadness, loss of interst in activities, <weight >, <sleep>, restlessness, fatigue, guilt, memory loss, thoughts about death |
| Causes of stress | -sin-genetics-chemical imbalances-stress or trauma-inadequate social support- negative and irrational thoughts |
| Genetics influence on depression | 3x as likely if related to depressed person |
| Chemical imbalances | neurotransmitters are serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine |
| Attribution | The meaning we ascribe to the events/circumstances in our lives |
| Percentage that look for treatment | 30% |
| Goals of treatment | improve mood, improve ability to function normally, improve quality of life, prevent relapse |
| Counseling | Cognitibe behavioral, rational-emotive, |
| Cognitive behavioral counseling | replacing bad habits with good ones including habits of thinking and in relationships |
| Rational-emotive therapy | confrontationally challenging negative thoughts |
| If depressed | Keep God central 2. Maintain a positive attitude (optimistic) 3. No major life changes 4. Get support |
| Myths about happiness | money, education, youth, weather |
| True source of happiness | love and faith |
| Patterns of alcoholic dependence | 1. Reg intake large amnts 2. Weekend drinking 3. Sobriety then binge 4.heavy drnkn thru stress |
| Who uses tobacco? | Teens make up 90% of new users, 26% guys/21%women |
| Reinforcement | The behavior produces a pleasurable state or relieves a negative one |
| Compulsion or craving | the individual is compelled to engage in behavior |
| Loss of control | |
| Escalation | the individual devotes resources to the addiction |
| Substance dependence | tolerance, withdrawal syndrome, larger amounts or for longer, persistent desire to cut down, pursuit, giving up activities, continuing despite problems |
| Physical risk dependence factors | chemically predisposed, womb exposed, chronic pain |
| Psychological risk dependence factors | impulsive, need for excitement, emotional state that requires coping, mental illness |
| Social risk dependence factors | family users or acceptance, peer acceptance |
| Risks of drug use | dependence impaired functioning, health probs- nausea, constipation, heart probs, fines and imprisonment |
| Affect on body | changes brain chemistry, drug factors (dose response function, time action function), user factors (overall health, genetics, body mass), social factors (environment) |
| Stress response | the physiological change associated w stress |
| Eustress | positive stress (trying to make a choice between 2 positive things) |
| Distress | -unpleasant stressor |
| Actions of nervous system | central and peripheral |
| Actions of the endocrine system | controls by releasing hormones |
| Fight or Flight in modern life | Goal is to return to homeostasis (blood pressure, heartrate) |
| Ineffective behavioral response | overeating, substance abuse, hostility |
| Allostatic load | the long term wear/tear of the stress |
| High alostatic linked to | disease, hypertension, obesity |
| Effective time management | set priorities, schedule tasks for times of peak efficiency, visualize realistic goals, budget time, delegate |
| Physical health is not based on | normality, conforming to social demands, never seeking help for personal probs, symptoms only |
| Maslow Hierarchy of needs | -1 Physiolocigal needs 2. Safety/security 3. Love and belongingness 4. Self-esteem 5. Self-actualization |
| Psychologically healthy | towards actualization, realistic, self acceptance, autonomous, capacity for intimacy, live creatively |
| Autonomous | independent, self directed |
| Self Esteem | satisfaction and confidence in ones self w/ relation to this |
| Self Concept | ideas, feelings and perceptions about ones self |
| Percentage of “surprises” | 50% of the four million born are unintended pregnancies |
| Infertility | female 40% tubal blockage 40% failure to ovulate 10% anatomical abnormalities 10% inexplicable |
| Pregnancy tests | check for a hormone |
| Ectopic pregnancy | an abnormal outside the uterus, the fetus cant survive and doesn’t develop |
| Avoid | |
| Avoid during pregnancy | alcohol, tobacco, caffeine, other drugs and chemical, stds and other infections |
| Spontaneous abortion | miscarriage |
| Pre-elcampisal | high blood pressure is a symptom of hypertension in pregnancy |
| Low birth weight | less than 5.5 lbs |
| Sudden infant death syndrome | SIDS |
| 3 stages of labor | 1. Contractions, mucus plug dislodged, effacement/dilation, transition (long, close, intense) 2. Expulsion crowning cesarean if not vaginal 3. Placenta delivery, baby assessed for Apgar score |
| Apgar score | color, heart rate morrow reflex |
| Smoking is the | leading preventable cause of death |
| Chemistry of alcohol | ethyl alcohol is the psychoactive ingredient in alcohol |
| Proof | beer 3-6% wine 9-13% (the concentration of alcohol -100 proof is 50% alcohol) |
| Absorption | 20% from stomach into blood stream 75% through upper intestine, rest through gastrointestinal track, liver is main cite |
| BAC | Blood alcohol concentration |
| Low concentrations of alcohol produce | mild euphoria, become sociable |
| High concentrations of alcohol | pleasant effects replaced with negative, .1% sensory and motor function are reduced |
| Alcohol hangover | fatigue, nausea, headaches |
| Alcohol poisoning | too much alcohol which raises BAC |
| Binge | men 5 drinks, women 4 drinks at least 1 time in 2 weeks |
| Binge likely to | 1miss class2argue w/friends3engage in unprotected sex4drive after5trouble w campus police6damage property7injury |
| Anxiety disorder | fear that is out of proportion to the danger |
| Types of anxiety disorders | simple phobia, social phobia, panic disorder, OCD, post-traumatic stress disorder |
| Mood disorders | depression, manic, bipolar |
| Schizophrenia | disorganized thoughts inappropriate emotions |
| Depression | sadness,hopelessness, no interest in activities, poor appetite, weight loss, insomnia, restlessness/fatigue, guilt/worthlessness, trouble concentrating or making decisions, thoughts of death/suicide |
| Women are ___times more likely to be stressed | 2 |
| Suicide warning signs and risk factors | discussing death wish/methods, increasing withdrawal/isolation, unexplainable lightening of mood, history of intents, suicide by fam/ friend, available means, substance abuse, eating disorders, serious medical probs, mood disorders |
| Bipolar | two extremes of emotional swings mania and depression |
| Mania | restlessness, excessive energy, insomnia |
| Schizophrenia | -disorganized thoughts, delusions, disturbed thinking |
| Treatment | pharmological-prosac(antidepressant |
| Behavioral model | expose themselves to small amounts of the things they fear |
| Cognitive model | taught to notice unrealistic thoughts and test emotions |
| Psychodynamic | false beliefs are fed by unconscious ideas and impulses |
| Helps | self-help, peer counseling/support groups, professional help |
Created by:
ok2bpure
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